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Accepted manuscript

Resistance Profile of Glufosinate-Resistant Palmer amaranth Accessions and Herbicide Options

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2025

Pâmela Carvalho-Moore Open the ORCID record for Pâmela Carvalho-Moore [Opens in a new window] ,
Jason K. Norsworthy Open the ORCID record for Jason K. Norsworthy [Opens in a new window] ,
Maria C. C. R. Souza Open the ORCID record for Maria C. C. R. Souza [Opens in a new window] ,
L. Tom Barber ,
Leonard Bonilha Piveta Open the ORCID record for Leonard Bonilha Piveta [Opens in a new window] ,
Ingo Meiners Open the ORCID record for Ingo Meiners [Opens in a new window]  and
Aimone Porri Open the ORCID record for Aimone Porri [Opens in a new window]
Pâmela Carvalho-Moore*
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Jason K. Norsworthy
Affiliation:
Distinguished Professor and Elms Farming Chair of Weed Science, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Maria C. C. R. Souza
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
L. Tom Barber
Affiliation:
Professor and Extension Weed Scientist, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Lonoke, AR, USA
Leonard Bonilha Piveta
Affiliation:
Post-Doctoral Researcher, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette.
Ingo Meiners
Affiliation:
Biology R & D Group Leader – Weed Control, BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
Aimone Porri
Affiliation:
Laboratory Head – Weed Resistance Research, BASF SE, Limburgerhof, Germany
*
Corresponding author: Pâmela Carvalho-Moore, University of Arkansas, 1354 W Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (pcarvalh@uark.edu)
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

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Glufosinate resistance was previously confirmed in three Palmer amaranth accessions from Arkansas (MSR1, MSR2, and CCR). Greenhouse screening results suggested the presence of multiple herbicide resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the postemergence resistance profile of three glufosinate-resistant Palmer amaranth accessions from Arkansas. Field experiments were also conducted to assess preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicide options to control the accession with the highest glufosinate resistance level (MSR2). A dose-response assay with the three resistant accessions and two susceptible standards was conducted with the herbicides 2,4-D, atrazine, dicamba, diuron, fomesafen, glyphosate, imazethapyr, and mesotrione. The PRE and POST field experiments with MSR2 evaluated fifteen and sixteen single active ingredients, respectively. The previously described Palmer amaranth accessions carrying glufosinate resistance were also confirmed resistant to six other POST herbicides: 2,4-D, diuron, fomesafen, glyphosate, imazethapyr, and mesotrione. CCR is also resistant to dicamba. Therefore, accessions MSR1, MSR2, and CCR have evolved resistance to POST herbicides pertaining to seven sites of action. A shift towards increased tolerance to atrazine has been observed among all resistant accessions as well. Overall, field PRE treatments with atrazine, pyroxasulfone, or trifludimoxazin obtained the highest MSR2 control levels at all evaluation times and the lowest number of seedlings emerging at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment. In the POST experiment, only paraquat obtained MSR2 control levels above 90% at all ratings. The lowest number of alive MSR2 plants was obtained in POST treatments with paraquat or trifludimoxazin. Fields near where glufosinate resistance has been confirmed in Palmer amaranth will likely demand a more diverse and proactive management strategy relying on combinations of chemical, cultural, and mechanical control tactics. Future efforts should focus on sequential applications and mixture, the elucidation of all resistance mechanisms in the evaluated accessions, and soil applied dose-response.

Keywords

multiple herbicide resistancelimited chemical controlseven-way postemergence resistance
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 34
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America