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Most cited

This page lists all time most cited articles for this title. Please use the publication date filters on the left if you would like to restrict this list to recently published content, for example to articles published in the last three years. The number of times each article was cited is displayed to the right of its title and can be clicked to access a list of all titles this article has been cited by.

Contents

Page 18 of 44

  • Cited by 3
  • Cited by 3

  • Genetically engineered people: Autonomy and moral virtue

  • Russell Blackford
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 May 2016, pp. 82-84

  • I endorse Mark Walker's thesis that there is no moral difference between genetic interventions to make it more likely that children will develop moral virtues, such as truthfulness, caring, and justice—however, exactly, these are understood—and environmental interventions aimed at the same outcome. In this response, I offer some further considerations that tend to support the thesis in the face of “loss of freedom” or “loss of autonomy” arguments.

  • Cited by 3
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  • Negotiating “Sound Science”: Expert Disagreement about the Risks of Release of Genetically Engineered Micro-organisms

  • Ullica Segerstrale
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 May 2016, pp. 221-232

  • During recent years scientists coming from the ecologist and molecular biologist traditions have argued very differently about the risks of deliberate release of genetically engineered micro-organisms (GEOs) into the environment. When actual guidelines for regulation have been drawn up and “scientific experts” have been consulted, representatives of these different scientific camps have given quite different advice. In fact, we have a tacit battle between scientific experts as to who has the right to speak “for” science to the public and policy makers. It seems that the molecular biologists so far have had the upper hand because of concrete and spectacular achievements in this field. Meanwhile, these experts can profit from the fact that the general public and policy makers tend to see science as a unified enterprise and are typically unaware of systematic differences in conceptions about science between experts from different scientific traditions. Thus, a scientist from any scientific field may easily be seen as an expert on science in general.

  • Cited by 3
  • Cited by 3

  • Darwin, artificial selection, and poverty: Contemporary implications of a forgotten argument

  • Luis Sanchez
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 May 2016, pp. 61-71

  • This paper argues that the processes of evolutionary selection are becoming increasingly artificial, a trend that goes against the belief in a purely natural selection process claimed by Darwin's natural selection theory. Artificial selection is mentioned by Darwin, but it was ignored by Social Darwinists, and it is all but absent in neo-Darwinian thinking. This omission results in an underestimation of probable impacts of artificial selection upon assumed evolutionary processes, and has implications for the ideological uses of Darwin's language, particularly in relation to poverty and other social inequalities. The influence of artificial selection on genotypic and phenotypic adaptations arguably represents a substantial shift in the presumed path of evolution, a shift laden with both biological and political implications.

  • Cited by 3
  • Cited by 3

  • Torturing science: Science, interrogational torture, and public policy

  • Shane O’Mara, John Schiemann
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    06 December 2019, pp. 180-192

  • Contrary to the claims of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that its torture program was scientific, the program was not based on biology or any other science. Instead, the George W. Bush administration veneered the program’s justification with a patina of pseudoscience, ignoring the actual biology of torturing human brains. We reconstruct the Bush administration’s decision-making process to establish that the policy decision to use torture took place in the immediate aftermath of the 9/11 attacks without any investigation into its efficacy. We then present the pseudoscientific model of torture sold to the CIA, show why this ad hoc model amounted to pseudoscience, and then catalog what the actual science of torturing human brains—available in 2001—reveals about the practice. We conclude with a discussion of how a process incorporating countervailing evidence might prevent a policy going forward that is contrary to law, ethics, and evidence.

  • Cited by 3

  • Direct democracy, policy diffusion, and medicalized marijuana

  • Cynthia Rugeley, John Frendreis, Raymond Tatalovich
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    26 April 2021, pp. 72-82

  • Virtually all studies of policy diffusion are based on statutory enactments by state legislatures. But a substantial number of medicalized marijuana laws were initiated through citizen initiatives and ratified by referenda (I&R). This case study suggests that the diffusion of laws adopted by I&R requires two modifications to the conventional model of policy diffusion. First, early policy adoptions must occur through direct democracy so that horizontal diffusion results when those past adoptions by the I&R process lead to future adoptions. Second, the necessity of bypassing institutions of representative government must be operationalized as an interaction between the availability of direct democracy and the precise political variable that blocks legislative enactments.

  • Cited by 3

  • The politics of presidential illness: Ronald Reagan and the Iran-Contra Scandal

  • Robert E. Gilbert
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    18 January 2016, pp. 58-76

  • This paper assesses the likelihood that the Iran-Contra scandal was shaped heavily by the effects of Ronald Reagan's cancer surgery in summer, 1985. During the President's hospitalization and in the period soon after, he took several actions—which he apparently did not remember—that launched a policy that was unwise, counterproductive, and a failure. These damaged both his Administration and his standing in history. The 25th Amendment afforded Reagan the means by which his involvement in these events could easily have been avoided. However, the President and his aides determined that he would resume the powers and duties of the presidency only hours after undergoing extensive cancer surgery. This decision contributed materially to the most damaging episode of Reagan's eight-year presidency.

  • Cited by 3
  • Cited by 3

  • Gender differences in follower behavior: An experimental study of reactions to ambitious decision makers

  • Christopher W. Larimer, Rebecca J. Hannagan
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 May 2016, pp. 40-54

  • This study investigates whether observers react negatively to overly ambitious leaders, focusing on whether women are more sensitive than men in their perceptions of the traits of decision makers and whether men and women behave differently as a result of such perceptions. Results from two laboratory experiments show how participants react to ambitious decision makers in simple bargaining scenarios. The results indicate that observers tend to equate ambition for decision-making authority with self-interested, unfair, male behavior. Moreover, observers tend to be less satisfied with a decision made by an ambitious decision maker compared to the same decision made by an unambitious decision maker. That is, people generally dislike ambitious decision makers independent of the actual decision that is made. Further, there are important differences in male and female expectations of what decision makers will do that, when combined with perceptions of decision-maker gender, have more nuanced implications for outcome satisfaction and our understanding of “follower behavior.”

  • Cited by 3
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  • Biopolitics via political psychology: Comment in response to Liesen and Walsh

  • Rebecca J. Hannagan
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    18 January 2016, pp. 90-93
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  • Cited by 3

  • Can virtue be genetically engineered?

  • Larry Arnhart
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 May 2016, pp. 79-81

  • We are not born virtuous or vicious. But we are born with innate temperaments and capacities that influence our acquisition of virtue by learning and judgment. As Aristotle says in the Nicomachean Ethics, “virtues arise in us neither by nature nor contrary to nature; but by our nature we can receive them and perfect them by habituation.”

Page 18 of 44