Published online by Cambridge University Press: 16 February 2021
We show that under the assumption of the existence of the canonical inner model with one Woodin cardinal
$M_1$
, there is a model of
$\mathsf {ZFC}$
in which
$\mbox {NS}_{\omega _{1}}$
is
$\aleph _2$
-saturated and
${\Delta }_{1}$
-definable with
$\omega _1$
as a parameter which answers a question of S. D. Friedman and L. Wu. We also show that starting from an arbitrary universe with a Woodin cardinal, there is a model with
$\mbox {NS}_{\omega _{1}}$
saturated and
${\Delta }_{1}$
-definable with a ladder system
$\vec {C}$
and a full Suslin tree T as parameters. Both results rely on a new coding technique whose presentation is the main goal of this article .