The case is described of a young woman who presented an absolutely different personality according to whether or no she was in a state of morphinomania. At the age of twenty-three, while on board a ship, she first became addicted to morphia, and for the next few years she was alternately well and morphinomaniac, presenting with each phase a characteristic and markedly different personality. While taking morphia she was sedentary, calculating, most careful of her affairs, endowed with a wonderful memory, logically minded, and she showed an absence of affection. When cured of her morphia habit, on the contrary, she ceased to care about her affairs, was liberal, extravagant, heedless of the future; her affective side was in evidence. It would almost seem as if in this case morphia produced an inhibition of the affective centres, permitting of a preponderating action on the part of the intellectual faculties.

Various authors have drawn attention to the fact, that alcoholic patients suffering from hallucinations behold their false perceptions increase in intensity under the influence of peripheral stimuli. This is especially the point studied by Cololian and Rodiet. Hallucinations of the various senses were thus induced: olfactory by alternate compression and relaxation of the nostrils; gustatory by lightly rubbing the upper surface of the tongue; auditory by lightly tapping the external auditory meatus; visual by compression of the eyeballs, etc. This hyperesthesia, which they believe is localised in the cortex of the brain, in the sensecentres, is, however, not limited to the brain, as we know that the peripheral nerves, the nerve-endings, are also affected; but the nature of the lesion is probably not the same, for in the latter case we know that there is evidence of peripheral neuritis, and the brain may not present any definite lesion. These phenomena are only present in a limited number of cases, and only in recent alcoholic cases, before the toxin is eliminated. In order to guard against error, they exclude all cases deeply intoxicated, with much agitation, with delirium tremens, fever, etc. Complete notes of eight cases presenting these induced hallucinations are given.

A case is described of a man, æt. 43 years, cured by indirect suggestion, without any apparent lesion of his urinary apparatus except some urethral spasm, the chemical composition of the urine being normal; he micturated twenty to thirty times in the twenty-four hours, and passed large quantities of urine. Born of a hysterical mother, he was himself hysterical, with such stigmata as zones of cutaneous and mucous hyperesthesia, loss of taste and smell, concentric narrowing of the visual fields, and almost complete absence of pharyngeal reflex. The pollakiuria presented by this patient was more obstinate and more obvious than is usual in these cases; not only was there frequency of micturition (simple pollakiuria, or pollakiuria proper), but also an imperious desire to satisfy the act. The cure by indirect suggestion consisted in the daily administration of pills of methylene blue. In another case mentioned—a hysterical woman—the symptoms of polyuria, simple pollakiuria, and imperious pollakiuria, with identical characteristics to the above, were induced by hypnotic suggestion.

Many of the cases which are now called hysterical wanderings were formerly classified as epileptic. Raymond characterises as epileptic sudden wanderings of short duration. Hysterical wanderings (“fugues”), on the contrary, may take weeks or even months, and are not recognised by those who come in contact with the patient or speak to him. Consecutive amnesia is complete in the two cases. The first case ecorded is that of a man who a few years ago had a wandering lasting eight days, during which he went from Nancy to Brussels. On December 15th, 1899, he had an attack lasting eleven hours; on the 16th, one lasting three days, during which he went to his brother's house, slept and dined there without exciting suspicion, etc. In this case a nervous heredity prepared the soil, intermittent fever weakened his powers of resistance, and the exciting cause of the neurosis was overwork. As a rule, hypnotism helps to reveal the course of these wanderings, and is a means of cure; but this patient is not hypnotisable. The second case is that of a girl æt. 16 years, hasty tempered and difficult to manage. At the age of fourteen years, she had her first attack of wandering. Her last, quite recently, lasted four weeks. She is hysterical and not vicious. Raymond believes hypnotism will cure her.