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Chapter 7 - Preoperative Assessment for Paediatric Anaesthesia

Considerations for Common Medical Conditions and Risk

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2025

By
Pamela Cupples
Edited by
James Ip ,
Grant Stuart ,
Isabeau Walker  and
Ian James
James Ip
Affiliation:
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London
Grant Stuart
Affiliation:
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London
Isabeau Walker
Affiliation:
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London
Ian James
Affiliation:
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London
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Summary

Anaesthetic preoperative assessment is an essential part of the child’s admission. Standards of care dictate that this needs to be done in advance of the day of admission to ensure the patient is medically optimised and prepared for their anaesthetic. A detailed discussion about the side effects and risk of anaesthesia is essential, and families should be given written or electronic information as part of this process. All anaesthetists who are involved in the care of children should have a sound knowledge of common medical conditions in childhood. They should understand how these conditions can be affected by anaesthesia and surgery and what preoperative investigations and planning are required to deliver a safe anaesthetic. Those medical specialties that are regularly involved in the care of the child should be contacted to help guide the perioperative management and ensure a collaborative approach to the care of the child.

Keywords

PaediatricpreoperativeassessmentasthmaOSAdiabetesBPDepilepsycoagulationCAH
Type
Chapter
Information
Core Topics in Paediatric Anaesthesia , pp. 59 - 81
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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References

Further Reading

Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (APAGBI). Guidelines on the peri-operative management of patients with sickle cell disease. Anaesthesia 2021; 76(6):805–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15349.Google Scholar
AAGBI. Preassessment services for children undergoing surgery or procedures. Spring 2022. Available at: www.apagbi.org.uk/sites/default/files/2022-05/Best%20Practice_Preassessment%20standards%20in%20Children%20%202022%20-%20Published.pdf. Accessed 21 April 2024.Google Scholar
Haché, M, Sun, LS, Gadi, G et al. Outcomes from Wake Up Safe, the pediatric anesthesia quality improvement initiative. Paediatric Anaesthesia 2020; 30(12):1348–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes. 2018. ISPAD clinical practice consensus guidelines. Available at: www.ispad.org/general/custom.asp?page=ISPADGuidelines2018. Accessed 21 April 2024.Google Scholar
Masaracchia, MM, Lee, M, Dalesio, NM. Obesity in childhood. BJA Education 2022; 22(5):168–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjae.2021.12.003.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morgan, J, Checketts, M, Arana, A et al. Prevention of perioperative venous thromboembolism in pediatric patients: guidelines from the Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (APAGBI). Paediatric Anaesthesia 2018; 28(5):382–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Asthma. 2021. Diagnosis, monitoring and chronic asthma management. Available at: Asthma: diagnosis, monitoring and chronic asthma management - PubMed (nih.gov). Accessed 21 April 2024.Google Scholar
Thomas, M, Morrison, C, Newton, R, Schindler, E. Consensus statement on clear fluids fasting for elective pediatric general anesthesia. Paediatric Anaesthesia 2018; 28(5):411–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/pan.13370.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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