Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-d8cs5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-10T14:04:20.890Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

4 - Arabic Sources

from Volume II Part 1 - Literary Sources

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

By
Reuven Amitai  and
Michal Biran
Edited by
Michal Biran  and
Hodong Kim
Michal Biran
Affiliation:
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Hodong Kim
Affiliation:
Seoul National University
Get access

Summary

Arabic sources written in the Mamluk Sultanate, in the territories controlled by the Mongols, and elsewhere play an important role in reconstructing the history of the Mongol world empire and its successor states and of their relations with nearby countries. While some of these sources have been known and used since the early nineteenth century, Arabic-language works have became more significant in the study of Mongol history in the last half-century or so, and especially in the last generation, with the proliferation of proper editions of many of these texts. This article surveys the large – but perhaps not fully appreciated – corpus of Arabic works related to Mongolian studies, in the following order: works written before the establishment of the Ilkhanate (c. 1260), those composed in the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and Syria, books originating in Arabic-speaking countries beyond the Mamluk Sultanate, and finally compositions from Mongol-controlled regions, mostly in the western Ilkhanate.

Keywords

historiographyArabic literary cultureArabic-language encyclopediasMamluk SultanateIlkhanateYasaBaghdad
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge History of the Mongol Empire , pp. 1007 - 1045
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abū al-Fidāʾ, al-Malik al-Muʾayyad Ismāʿīl ibn Maḥmūd. 1840. Kitāb taqwīm al-buldān, ed. William Macluckin de Slane, and published as Géopgraphie d’Aboulféda. ParisGoogle Scholar
Abū al-Fidāʾ, al-Malik al-Muʾayyad Ismāʿīl ibn Maḥmūd 1872. Al-Mukhtaṣar fī taʾrīkh al-bashar, partial ed. and tr. William MacGuckin de Slane. In Recueil des historiens des croisades: Historiens orientaux, vol. 1. Paris.Google Scholar
Abū al-Fidāʾ, al-Malik al-Muʾayyad Ismāʿīl ibn Maḥmūd 1907 (ah 1325). Al-Mukhtaṣar fī taʾrīkh al-bashar. Cairo. 2 vols. The Istanbul 1869–1870 (ah 1286) edition is essentially identical.Google Scholar
Abū al-Fidāʾ, al-Malik al-Muʾayyad Ismāʿīl ibn Maḥmūd 1983. Al-Mukhtaṣar fī taʾrīkh al-bashar, partial tr. Peter M. Holt, The Memoirs of a Syrian Prince: Abuʾl-Fidāʾ, Sultan of Ḥamāh (672–732/1273–1331). Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Abū al-Fidāʾ, al-Malik al-Muʾayyad Ismāʿīl ibn Maḥmūd 1997. Mukhtaṣar fī taʾrīkh al-bashar, ed. Muḥammad, Dayyūb, 2 vols. Beirut.Google Scholar
Abū Shāma, Shihāb al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ismāʿīl. 1906. Tarājim rijāl al-qarnayn al-sādis waʾl-sābiʿ al-maʿrūf biʾl-dhayl ʿalā al-rawḍatayn, partial ed. and tr. in Recueil des historiens des croisades: Historiens orientaux, vol. 5, ed. and tr. A. C. Barbier de Meynard. Paris.Google Scholar
Abū Shāma, Shihāb al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ismāʿīl 1947. Tarājim rijāl al-qarnayn al-sādis waʾl-sābiʿ al-maʿrūf biʾl-dhayl ʿalā al-rawḍatayn, ed. al-Kawtharī, Muḥammad. Cairo.Google Scholar
Abū Shāma, Shihāb al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ismāʿīl 1974. Tarājim rijāl al-qarnayn al-sādis waʾl-sābiʿ al-maʿrūf biʾl-dhayl ʿalā al-rawḍatayn, ed. al-Ḥusaynī, ʿIzzat al-ʿAttār. Beirut.Google Scholar
Abū Shāma, Shihāb al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ismāʿīl 2010 (ah 1431). Tarājim rijāl al-qarnayn al-sādis waʾl-sābiʿ al-maʿrūf biʾl-dhayl ʿalā al-rawḍatayn, ed. Zaybaq, Ibrāhīm, 2 vols. Damascus and Beirut.Google Scholar
Ahmad, Muhammad Hilmi, M. 1960. “Abū Shāma.” In EI2, vol. 1, 150.Google Scholar
Ahmad, Muhammad Hilmi, M. 1962. “Some Notes on Arabic History during the Zengid and Ayyubid Periods (521/1127–648/1250).” In Historians of the Middle East, ed. Lewis, Bernard and Holt, Peter M., 79–97. London.Google Scholar
Aigle, Denise. 2014a. “The Historiographical Works of Barhebraeus on the Mongol Period.” In her The Mongol Empire between Myth and Reality: Studies in Anthropological History, 66–88. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aigle, Denise 2014b. “A Religious Response to Ghazan Khan’s Invasions of Syria. The Three ‘Anti-Mongol’ fatwās of Ibn Taymiyya.” In her The Mongol Empire between Myth and Reality: Studies in Anthropological History, 283–305. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amedroz, Henry Frederick. 1902. “Three Arabic MSS on the History of the City of Mayyafariqin.” JRAS 785–808.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven. 1991. “Evidence for the Early Use of the Title Īlkhān among the Mongols.” JRAS, 3rd series 1: 353–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 1992. “Mamluk Perceptions of the Mongol–Frankish Rapprochement.” Mediterranean Historical Review 7: 50–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 1994a. “Arabic Sources for the History of the Mongol Empire.” In Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Mongolists (Ulaan Baatar, 11–15 August 1992), Mongolica 5.20: 99–105.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 1994b. “An Exchange of Letters in Arabic between Abaγa Ilkhan and Sultan Baybars (a.h. 667/a.d. 1268–9).” CAJ 38: 11–33.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 1995. Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk–Ilkhanid War 1260–1281. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 1996a. “Ghazan, Islam and Mongol Tradition: A View from the Mamluk Sultanate.” BSOAS 59: 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 1996b. “New Material from the Mamluk Sources for the Biography of Rashid al-Din.” In The Court of the Il-khans, ed. Rabi, Julian and Fitzherbert, Teresa, 23–37. Oxford.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2001. “Al-Nuwayri as a Historian of the Mongols.” In Historiography of Islamic Egypt (c. 950–1800), ed. Kennedy, Hugh, 23–36. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2003. “Al-Maqrizi as a Historian of the Early Mamluk Sultanate (or: Is al-Maqrizi an Unrecognized Historiographical Villain?).” Mamluk Studies Review 7.2: 99–118.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2004a. “Did Chinggis Khan have a Jewish Teacher? An Examination of an Early Fourteenth-Century Arabic Text.” JAOS 124: 691–705.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2004b. “The Mongol Occupation of Damascus in 1300: A Study of Mamluk Loyalties.” In The Mamluks in Egyptian and Syrian Politics and Society, ed. Levanoni, Amalia and Winter, Michael, 21–41. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2007a. “An Arabic Biographical Notice of Kitbughā, the Mongol General Defeated at ʿAyn Jālūt.” Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam 33: 219–34.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2007b. The Mongols in the Islamic Lands: Studies in the History of the Ilkhanate. Aldershot and Burlington, VT.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2013. Holy War and Rapprochement: Studies in the Relations between the Mamluk Sultanate and the Mongol Ilkhanate (1260–1335). Turnhout.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2014. “Hülegü and His Wise Men: Topos or Reality?” In Politics, Patronage and the Transmission of Knowledge in 13th–15th Century Tabriz, ed. Pfeiffer, Judith, 15–34. Leiden.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2015. “Ibn Khaldūn on Mongol Military Might.” In Nomad Military Power in Iran and Adjacent Areas in the Islamic Period, ed. Franz, Kurt and Holzwarth, Wolfgang, 191–206. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Antrim, Zayde. 2007. “Making Syria Mamluk: Ibn Shaddād’s Al-Aʿlāq al-Khaṭīrah.” Mamluk Studies Review 11.1: 1–18.Google Scholar
Armstrong, Lyall. 2006. “The Making of a Sufi: Al-Nuwayrī’s Account of the Origin of Genghis Khan.” Mamluk Studies Review 10.2: 153–60.Google Scholar
Ashtor, Eliyahu. 1960. “Baybars al-Manṣūrī.” In EI2, vol. 1, 1127–28.Google Scholar
Ashtor, Eliyahu 1961. “Some Unpublished Sources for the Baḥrī Period.” Scripta Hierosolymitana 9: 11–30.Google Scholar
Ayalon, David. 1971–1973. “The Great Yāsa of Chingiz Khān. A Reexamination.” Studia Islamica, Part A, 33: 97–140; Part B, 34: 151–80; Part C1, 36: 113–58; Part C2: 107–56.Google Scholar
Ayalon, David 1988. Outsiders in the Lands of Islam: Mamluks, Mongols, and Eunuchs. London.Google Scholar
al-ʿAynī, Badr al-Dīn Maḥmūd ibn Muḥammad. 1985–1989. ʿIqd al-jumān fī taʾrīkh ahl al-zamān, ed. al-Ṭanṭāwī al-Qarmūṭ, ʿAbd al-Razzāq, 2 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
al-ʿAynī, Badr al-Dīn Maḥmūd ibn Muḥammad 1987–2009 (ah 1407–1430). ʿIqd al-jumān fī taʾrīkh ahl al-zamān, ed. Muḥammad, Amīn, 5 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
al-ʿAzzāwī, ʿAbbās. 1935. Taʾrīkh al-ʿirāq bayna iḥtilālayn. Baghdad.Google Scholar
Hebraeus, Bar 1932. The Chronography of Gregory Abû ’l-Faraj: 1225–1286, tr. E. A. W. Budge. London.Google Scholar
Barthold, Vassily V. 1977. Turkestan Down to the Mongol Invasion, 4th ed., tr. T. Minorsky, Vladimir F. Minorsky, and Clifford E. Bosworth. London.Google Scholar
al-Baṭīṭī, Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī. 2015. Aḥwāl mulūk al-tatār al-mughūl, ed. Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. Qum.Google Scholar
Bauden, Frédéric. Forthcoming. Trusting the Source as Far as It Can Be Trusted: Al-Maqrīzī and the Question of the Mongol Book of Laws (Yāsa). Leiden.Google Scholar
Rukn al-Dīn al-Dawādār, Baybars al-Manṣūrī. 1987. Al-Tuḥfa al-mulūkiyya fi taʾrīkh al-dawla al-turkiyya, ed. Ṣāliḥ Ḥamdān, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. Cairo.Google Scholar
Rukn al-Dīn al-Dawādār, Baybars al-Manṣūrī 1998. Zubdat al-fikra fī tarʾīkh ahl al-hijra, ed. Richards, Donald S.. Beirut and Berlin.Google Scholar
Ben-Cheneb, Mohammed, and Joseph, de Somogyi. 1965. “Al-Dhahabī.” In EI2, vol. 2, 214–16.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal. 1997. Qaidu and the Rise of the Independent Mongol State in Central Asia. Richmond.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal 2002a. “The Battle of Herat (1270): A Case of Inter-Mongol Warfare.” In Warfare in Inner Asia. ed. Cosmo, Nicola Di, 197–220. Leiden.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal 2002b. “The Chaghadaids and Islam: The Conversion of Tarmashirin Khan (1331–34).” JAOS 122: 742–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biran, Michal 2007. Chinggis Khan. Oxford.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal 2015. “The Mental Maps of Mongol Central Asia as Seen from the Mamluk Sultanate.” Journal of Asian History 49.1–2: 31–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biran, Michal 2016a. “The Islamization of Hülegü: Imaginary Conversion in the Ilkhanate.” JRAS, 3rd series 26.1–2: 79–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biran, Michal 2016b. “Music in the Conquest of Baghdad: Ṣafī al-Dīn Urmawī and the Ilkhanid Circle of Musicians.” In The Mongols’ Middle East, ed. Nicola, Bruno De and Melville, Charles, 133–54. Leiden.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal 2019a. “Libraries, Books and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad.” JESHO 62/2–3: 464–502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biran, Michal 2019b. “The Mamluks and Mongol Central Asia: Political, Economic and Cultural Aspects.” In The Mamluk Sultanate from the Perspective of Regional and World History, ed. Amitai, Reuven and Connermann, Stephan, 367–90. Bonn.Google Scholar
al-Birzālī, ʿAlam al-Dīn al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad. 2006. Al-Muqtafā li-taʾrīkh al-shaykh shihāb al-dīn abī shāma, published as al-Muqtafā ʿalā kitāb al-rawḍatayn al-maʿrūf bi-taʾrīkh al-birzāī, ed. al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd, 4 vols. Beirut.Google Scholar
Björkman, Walther. 1928. Beiträge zur Geschichte der Staatskanzlei im islamischen Ägypten. Hamburg.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila A. 1995. Compendium of Chronicles: Rashid al-Dīn’s Illustrated History of the World. London.Google Scholar
Bosworth, Clifford E. 1978. “Al-Ḳalkashandī.” In EI 2, vol. 4, 509–11.Google Scholar
Bosworth, Clifford E. 2003. “Hendūšāh B. Sanjar.” In EIr, vol. 12, 181–82.Google Scholar
Brack, Jonathan. 2011. “A Mongol Princess Making Hajj: The Biography of El Qutlugh Daughter of Abagha Ilkhan (r. 1265–82).” JRAS, 3rd series 21: 331–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brinner, William. 1971. “Ibn Ḥabīb.” In EI2, vol. 3, 775.Google Scholar
Broadhurst, Ronald J. C., tr. 1980. A History of the Ayyubid Sultans of Egypt. Boston. See the review of this work by R. S. Humphrey, in JAOS (1983) 103.2: 449–52.Google Scholar
Browne, Edward G. 1964. A Literary History of Persia. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Buniiatov, Ziia M. 1986. Gosudarstvo Khorezmshakhov-anushteginidov, 1097–1231. Moscow.Google Scholar
Cahen, Claude. 1934. “La Djazīra au milieu du treizième siècle d’après ʿIzz al-Dīn Ibn Chaddād.” Revue des études islamiques 8: 109–28.Google Scholar
Cahen, Claude 1940. La Syrie du nord à l’époque des croisades. Paris.Google Scholar
Cahen, Claude 1971a. “Ibn al-Djawzī … Known as Sibṭ.” In EIr, vol. 3, 752–53.Google Scholar
Cahen, Claude 1971b. “Ibn al-Furāt.” In EI2, vol. 3, 768–69.Google Scholar
Cahen, Claude, and Coquin, R. G.. 1991. “Al-Makīn b. al-ʿAmīd, Djirdjis.” In EI2, vol. 6, 143–44.Google Scholar
Chapoutot-Remadi, Mounira. 1995. “Al-Nuwayrī.” In EI2, vol. 8, 156–60.Google Scholar
Chekhovich, Olga D. 1965. Bukharskie dokumenty XIV veka. Tashkent.Google Scholar
Chekhovich, Olga D. 1979. Bukhariskii vakf XIIIv. Moscow.Google Scholar
Dasheng, Chen, comp. 1984. Islamic Inscriptions in Quanzhou (Zaytun). Quanzhou.Google Scholar
Combe, Etienne, Jean Sauvaget, and Gaston Wiet, eds. 1931–1991. Répertoire chronologique de l’épigraphie arabe. Cairo.Google Scholar
Johannes, Den Heijer. 1993. “Al-Mufaḍḍal b. Abī al-Faḍāʾil.” In EI2, vol. 7, 305.Google Scholar
Joseph, De Somogyi. 1933–1935. “A Qaṣīda on the Destruction of Baghdād by the Mongols.” BSOAS 7: 41–48.Google Scholar
Joseph, De Somogyi 1936. “Adh-Dhahabī’s Taʾrīkh al-Islām as an Authority on the Mongol Invasion of the Caliphate.” JRAS 595–604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joseph, De Somogyi 1948. “Adh-Dhahabī’s Record of the Destruction of Damascus by the Mongols in 699–700/1299–1301.” In Ignace Goldziher Memorial Volume, ed. Löwinger, Samuel and Joseph, de Somogyi, vol. 1, 353–86. Budapest.Google Scholar
DeWeese, Devin. 2006. “Cultural Transmission and Exchange in the Mongol Empire: Notes from the Biographical Dictionary of Ibn al‑Fuwaṭī.” In Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan, ed. Komaroff, Linda, 11–29. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
al-Dhahabī, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad. 1987. Taʾrīkh al-islām wa-wafayāt al-mashāhīr waʾl-aʿlām, ed. al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd. Beirut.Google Scholar
Djebli, Moktar, ed. and tr. 1995. Invasions mongoles en Orient vécues par un savant médiéval arabe, Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd al-Madāʾnī, 1190–1258 J.C.: Extrait du Sharḥ Nahj al-balāgha. Paris.Google Scholar
Dodkhudoeva, Lola N. 1992. Epigraficheskie pamiatniki Samarkanda XI–XIV vv, vol. 1. Dushanbe.Google Scholar
D’Ohsson, Abraham Constantin Mouradgea. 1834–1835. Histoire des mongols depuis Tchinguis-Khan jusqu’à Timour, 4 vols. The Hague and Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Dunn, Ross E. 2008. The Adventures of Ibn Battuta, a Muslim Traveler of the Fourteenth Century. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Elad, Amikam. 1987. “The Description of the Travels of Ibn Baṭūṭṭa in Palestine: Is It Original?” JRAS, 2nd series 119: 256–72.Google Scholar
Elham, Shah Morad. 1977. Kitbuġā und Lāğīn: Studien zur Mamlūken-Geschichte nach Baibars al-Manṣūrī und an-Nuwairī. Freiburg.Google Scholar
Fischel, Walter J. 1952. Ibn Khaldūn and Tamerlane: Their Historic Meeting in Damascus, 1401 A.D. (803 A.H.). Berkeley and Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Fischel, Walter J. 1956. “Ibn Khaldun’s Sources for the History of Jengiz Khan and the Tatars.” JAOS 76: 91–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frenkel, Yehoshua. 2015. The Turkish People in Medieval Arabic Writings. Abingdon and New York.Google Scholar
Fromherz, Allen J. 2010. Ibn Khaldun: Life and Times. Edinburgh.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabrieli, Francesco. 1962. “The Arabic Historiography of the Crusades.” In Historians of the Middle East, ed. Lewis, Bernard and Holt, Peter M., 98–107. London.Google Scholar
Ghiyāth al-Dīn, ʿAbdallāh ibn Fatḥallāh. 1975. Al-Taʾrīkh al-ghiyāthī, ed. al-Ḥamdānī, Ṭāriq Nāfiʿ. Baghdād.Google Scholar
Gibb, Hamilton A. R. 1960. “Abū ʾl-Fidāʾ.” In EI 2, vol. 1, 118–19.Google Scholar
Gilli-Elewy, Hend. 2011. “Al-Ḥawādiṯ al-ǧāmiʿa: A Contemporary Account of the Mongol Conquest of Baghdad, 656/1258.” Arabica 58.5: 353–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golden, Peter B., ed. 2000. The King’s Dictionary: The Rasûlid Hexaglot: Fourteenth Century Vocabularies in Arabic, Persian, Turkic, Greek, Armenian, and Mongolian. Leiden, Boston, and Cologne.Google Scholar
Graf, Gunhild. 1990. Die Epitome der Universalchronik Ibn ad-Dawādārīs im Verhältnis zur Langfassung: Eine quellenkritische Studie zur Geschichte der ägyptischen Mamluken. Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haarmann, Ulrich. 1968. Quellenstudien zur frühen Mamlukenzeit. Freiburg.Google Scholar
Haarmann, Ulrich 1975. “Turkish Legends in the Popular Historiography of Medieval Egypt.” In Proceedings of the VIth Congress of Arabic and Islamic Studies (1972), 97–107. Stockholm.Google Scholar
Haarmann, Ulrich 1976. “Alṭun Ḫān und Čingiz Ḫān bei den Ägyptischen Mamluken.” Der Islam 51: 1–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, Leonard P. 2007. Ibn Battuta. London and New York.Google Scholar
al-Ḥawādith, see (pseudo-)Ibn al-Fuwaṭī.Google Scholar
Sanjar al-Ṣāḥibī al-Kīrānī, Hindūshāh ibn. 1978. Tajārub al-salaf dar tawārīkh-i khulafā wa wuzarā-i Īshān, ed. Iqbāl, ʿAbbās. Tehran.Google Scholar
Hirschler, Konrad. 2006. Medieval Arabic Historiography: Authors as Actors. London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holt, Peter M. 1982. “Three Biographies of al-Ẓāhir Baybars.” In Medieval Historical Writing in the Christian and Islamic Worlds, ed. Morgan, David O., 19–29. London.Google Scholar
Holt, Peter M. 1986. “The Īlkhān Aḥmad’s Embassies to Qalāwūn: Two Contemporary Accounts.” BSOAS 49: 128–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holt, Peter M. 1991. “Review of Gundrid Graf, Die Epitome der Universalchronik Ibn ad-Dawādārīs im Verhältnis zur Langfassung: Eine quellenkritische Studie zur Geschichte der ägyptischen Mamluken (Berlin, 1990).” BSOAS 54: 366–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holt, Peter M. 1997. “Shāfiʿ b. ʿAlī al-ʿAsḳalānī.” In EI2, vol. 9, 180–1.Google Scholar
Humphreys, R. Stephan. 1977. From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260. Albany.Google Scholar
Ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq, Ṣafī al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Muʾmin al-Baghdādī. 1954–1955. Kitāb Marāṣid al-iṭṭilāʿ fī maʿrifat al-amkina waʾl-biqā. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn ʿAbd al- Ẓāhir, Muḥyī al-Dīn ʿAbdallāh. 1902. Al-Alṭāf al-khāfiyya min al-sīra al-sharīfa al-sulṭāniyya al-malikiyya al-ashrafiyya, published as Axel Mobel, Ur ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd eẓ-Ẓâhir’s biografi över Sultanen El-Melik El-Aśraf Ḫalîl. Lund.Google Scholar
Ibn ʿAbd al- Ẓāhir, Muḥyī al-Dīn ʿAbdallāh 1956. Al-Rawḍ al-zāhir fi sīrat al-malik al-ẓāhir, partial ed. and tr. published as Fatima Sadeque, Baybars I of Egypt. Dacca.Google Scholar
Ibn ʿAbd al- Ẓāhir, Muḥyī al-Dīn ʿAbdallāh 1961. Tashrīf al-ayyām waʾl-ʿuṣūr fī sīrat al-malik al-manṣūr, ed. Murād, Kāmil. Cairo.Google Scholar
Ibn ʿAbd al- Ẓāhir, Muḥyī al-Dīn ʿAbdallāh 1976 (ah 1396). Al-Rawḍ al-zāhir fi sīrat al-malik al-ẓāhir, ed. al-Khuwayṭir, ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz. Riyad.Google Scholar
Ibn Abī al-Faḍāʾil, Mufaḍḍal. 1919–1928. Al-Nahj al-sadīd waʾl-durr al-farīd fīmā baʿd taʾrīkh ibn al-ʿamīd, published as E. Blochet, ed. and tr., Histoire des sultans mamlouks. Patrologia orientalis 12: 343–550, 14: 373–672, 20: 1–217. ah 658–716/1260–1317.Google Scholar
Ibn Abī al-Faḍāʾil, Mufaḍḍal 1973. Al-Nahj al-sadīd waʾl-durr al-farīd fīmā baʿd taʾrīkh ibn al-ʿamīd, published as Kortantamer, Samira, ed. and tr., Ägypten und Syrien zwischen 1317 und 1341 in der Chronik des Mufaḍḍal b. Abī l’Faḍā’il. Freiburg im Breisgau. ah 717–741/1317–1341.Google Scholar
Ibn Abī al-Faḍāʾil, Mufaḍḍal 2017 (ah 1438). Al-Nahj al-sadīd waʾl-durr al-farīd fīmā baʿd taʾrīkh ibn al-ʿamīd, ed. al-Dīn ʿIzz al-Dīn ʿAli al-Sayyid, Muḥammad Kamāl. Damascus.Google Scholar
al-Ḥadīd, Ibn Abī, see Djebli 1992.Google Scholar
Ibn al-ʿAmīd, al-Makīn Jirjis. 1955–1957. Kitāb al-majmūʿ al-mubārak, published as Claude Cahen, “‘La Chronique Ayyoubides’ d’al-Makīn b. al-ʿAmīd.” Bulletin d’études orientales 15: 109–84.Google Scholar
Ibn al-ʿAmīd, al-Makīn Jirjis 1994. Kitāb al-majmūʿ al-mubārak, tr. Anne-Marie Eddé and Françoise Micheau, Chronique des Ayyoubides (602–658 / 1205–6–1259–60). Paris.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Athīr, ʿIzz al-Dīn Abū Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad. 1851–1876. Al-Kāmil fī al-taʾrīkh, ed. Tornberg, C. J. as Ibn-el-Athiri Chronicon quod Perfectissimum Inscribitur, 14 vols. Leiden.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Athīr, ʿIzz al-Dīn Abū Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad 1965–1967. Al-Kāmil fī al-taʾrīkh, 14 vols. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Athīr, ʿIzz al-Dīn Abū Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad 2005–2008. Al-Kāmil fī al-taʾrīkh, tr. Donald S. Richards as The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period from al-Kamil fiʾl-Taʾrikh, 3 vols. Aldershot.Google Scholar
Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdallāh. 1874–1879. Riḥla, published as Voyages d’Ibn Batoutah, ed. and tr. C. Defrémery and B. R. Sanguinetti, 2nd ed., 2 vols. Paris.Google Scholar
Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdallāh 1958–2000. The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, tr. Hamilton A. R. Gibb (vols. 1–3) and Charles Buckingham (vol. 4). 5 vols. (vol. 5 contains indices by A. D. H. Bivar). Cambridge.Google Scholar
Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdallāh 1985. Yiben Baituta youji 伊本·白圖泰遊記 (The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa), tr. Ma Jinpeng 馬金鵬. Ningxia.Google Scholar
Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdallāh 1999. The Travels of Ibn Battuta to Central Asia, tr. Ibrahimov Nematulla Ibrahimovich. Reading.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Dawādārī, Sayf al-Dīn Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh. 1960–1994. Kanz al-durar wa-jāmiʿ al-ghurar, ed. Roemer, Hans R. et al., 9 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
Ibn Duqmāq, Ṣārim al-Dīn Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad ibn Aydamur. 1999a. Jawhar al-thamīn fī siyar al-khulafāʾ waʾl-mulūk waʾl-salāṭīn, published as al-Nuḥfa al-miskiyya fī al-dawla al-turkiyya: Min kitāb al-jawhar al-thamīn fī siyar al-khulafāʾ waʾl-mulūk waʾl-salāṭīn, ed.al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Duqmāq, Ṣārim al-Dīn Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad ibn Aydamur 1999b. Nuzhat al-anām fi taʾrīkh al-islām, ed. Samīr, Ṭabbāra. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Fadlallāh al-ʿUmarī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā. 1894–1895 (ah 1312). Al-Taʿrīf biʾl-muṣṭalaḥ al-sharīf. Cairo.Google Scholar
Ibn Fadlallāh al-ʿUmarī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā 1988 (ah 1408). Al-Taʿrīf biʾl-muṣṭalaḥ al-sharīf, ed. Shams al-Dīn, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Fadlallāh al-ʿUmarī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā 2010. Masālik al-abṣār fī mamālik al-amṣār, ed. al-Jubūrī, Kamāl Salmān and al-Najm, Mahdī. Beirut. See also Lech 1968.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Furāt, Nāṣir al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad. MS Vatican. Taʾrīkh al-duwal waʾl-muluk. Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, MS Vat. Ar. 726.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Furāt, Nāṣir al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad MS Vienna. Taʾrīkh al-duwal waʾl-muluk. Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, MS. Flügel 814 (vol. 6). For this manuscript: Gustav Flügel, Die arabischen, persischen und türkischen Handschriften der Kaiserlich–Königlichen Hofbibliothek zu Wien, vol. 2, 46–49. Vienna, 1865–1867. Same hand as Vatican MS.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Furāt, Nāṣir al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad 1939. Taʾrīkh al-duwal waʾl-muluk, vol. 9, ed. Zurayk, Costi K. and Izzedin, Nela. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Furāt, Nāṣir al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad 1942. Taʾrīkh al-duwal waʾl-muluk, vol. 8, ed. Zurayk, Costi K.. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Furāt, Nāṣir al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad 1971. Taʾrīkh al-duwal waʾl-muluk, partial ed. and tr. in Ursula and Lyons, Malcolm C., ed. and tr., with Jonathan S. C. Riley-Smith, Ayyubids, Mamlukes and Crusaders. Selections from the Tārīkh al-Duwal waʾl-Mulūk of Ibn al-Furāt, 2 vols. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Fuwaṭī, ʿAbd al-Razzāq ibn Aḥmad al-Shaybānī al-Baghdādī. 1963–1965. Talkhīṣ majmaʿ al-ādāb fī muʿjam al-alqāb, ed. Muṣṭafā, Jawād, 3 vols. Damascus.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Fuwaṭī, ʿAbd al-Razzāq ibn Aḥmad al-Shaybānī al-Baghdādī 1995. Majmaʿ al-ādāb fī muʿjam al-alqāb, ed. al-Kāẓim, M., 6 vols. Tehran.Google Scholar
(pseudo-), Ibn al-Fuwaṭī, . 1932. Al-Ḥawādith al-jāmiʿa waʾl-tajārub al-nāfiʿa fī al-miʾa al-sābiʿa, ed. Muṣṭafā Jawād.Google Scholar
(pseudo-), Ibn al-Fuwaṭī, 1997. Kitāb al-ḥawādith wa-huwa al-kitāb al-musammā wahman bi-ḥawādith al-jāmiʿa wa-al-tajārib al-nāfiʿa waʿl-mansūb li-ibn al-fuwaṭī, ed. ʿAwwād. Maʿrūf, Bashshār and al-Salām Raʾūf, ʿImād ʿAbd. Beirut.Google Scholar
(pseudo-), Ibn al-Fuwaṭī, 2003. Al-Ḥawādith al-jāmiʿa waʾl-tajārub al-nāfiʿa fī al-miʾa al-sābiʿa, ed. al-Najm, Mahdī. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Ḥabīb, Badr al-Dīn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿUmar. 1976–1986. Tadhdirat al-nabīh fī ayyām al-manṣūr wa-banīhi, ed. Amīn, Muḥammad M et al., 3 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
Ibn Ḥabīb, Badr al-Dīn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿUmar 2014 (ah 1435). Durrat al-aslāk fī dawlat al-atrāk, ed. Amin, Muhammad M., 2 vols. Cairo. (up to ah 714/1314 ce).Google Scholar
Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī. 1929–1932 (ah 1348–1350). Al-Durar al-kāmina fī al-aʿyān al-miʾa al-thāmina, 5 vols. Hyderabad.Google Scholar
Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī 1966. Al-Durar al-kāmina fī al-aʿyān al-miʾa al-thāmina, ed. Jādd al-Ḥaqq, Muḥammad, 5 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
al-ʿIbrī, Ibn. 1992. Taʾrīkh mukhtaṣar al-duwal, 3rd ed. Beirut. See also Bar Hebraeus.Google Scholar
Ibn Kathīr, ʿImad al-Dīn Abū al-Fidāʾ Ismāʿīl ibn ʿUmar. 1932–1939. Al-Bidāya waʾl-nihāya fī al-taʾrīkh, 14 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
Ibn Kathīr, ʿImad al-Dīn Abū al-Fidāʾ Ismāʿīl ibn ʿUmar 1985 (ah 1405). Al-Bidāya waʾl-nihāya fī al-taʾrīkh, ed. Milḥim, Aḥmad Abū et al., 8 vols. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Khaldūn, Walī al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad. 1867–1868 (ah 1283). Taʾrīkh = Kitāb al-ʿibar, 7 vols. Cairo. For an annotated translation of the Muqaddima, the first volume: Rosenthal 1967.Google Scholar
Ibn Khaldūn, Walī al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad 2013. Al-Ḥabar ʿan dawlat al-tatar: Taʾrīkh al-mughūl fī kitāb al-ʿibar, ed. al-ʿAmrānī, Muḥammad. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Khallikān, Shams al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad. 1977. Wafāyāt al-aʿyān wa-anbāʾ al-zamān, ed. al-Qāḍī, Waddād and Aḥmad Mūsā, ʿIzz al-Dīn, 8 vols. Beirut. This supersedes earlier editions.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Mughayzil, Nūr al-Dīn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm. 2004 (ah 1425). Dhayl mufarrij al-kurūb fī akhbār banī ayyūb, ed. al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd. Sidon and Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Rāfiʿ al-Sulāmī, Muḥammad Abū al-Maʿālī, 1938. Taʾrīkh ʿulamāʾ baghdād al-musammā muntakhab al-mukhtār. Baghdad.Google Scholar
Ibn Rāfiʿ al-Sulāmī, Muḥammad Abū al-Maʿālī 2000. Taʾrīkh ʿulamāʾ baghdād al-musammā muntakhab al-mukhtār. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Rajab, Zayn al-Dīn Abū al-Faraj ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn Rajab al-Ḥanbalī. 1997. Al-Dhayl ʿalā ṭabaqāt al-ḥanābila, ed. Usāmah ibn Ḥasan, Abū Ḥāzim and Ḥāzim, Abū al-Zahrāʾ ʿAlī Bahjat, . Beirut.Google Scholar
(pseudo-)Ibn al-Sāʿī. 1891–1892 (ah 1309 H). Kitāb mukhtaṣar akhbār al-khulafāʾ. Būlāq.Google Scholar
Ibn Shaddād al-Halabi, ʿIzz al-Dīn Muhammad ibn ʿAli. 1953. Al-Aʿlaq al-khaṭīra fī dhikr umarāʾ al-shām waʾl-jazīra, ed. Sourdel, Dominique. La description d’Alep d’Ibn S̆addād, vol. 1, part 1. Damascus.Google Scholar
Ibn Shaddād al-Halabi, ʿIzz al-Dīn Muhammad ibn ʿAli 1956 (ah 1375). Al-Aʿlaq al-khaṭīra fī dhikr umarāʾ al-shām waʾl-jazīra, ed. al-Dahhan, Sami. La description de Damas, vol. 2, part. 1. Damascus.Google Scholar
Ibn Shaddād al-Halabi, ʿIzz al-Dīn Muhammad ibn ʿAli 1963. Al-Aʿlaq al-khaṭīra fī dhikr umarāʾ al-shām waʾl-jazīra, ed. Dahan, Sami [al-Dahhan]. Liban, Jordanie, Palestine, topographie historique d’Ibn Šaddād, vol. 2, part. 2. Damascus.Google Scholar
Ibn Shaddād al-Halabi, ʿIzz al-Dīn Muhammad ibn ʿAli 1978. Al-Aʿlaq al-khaṭīra fī dhikr umarāʾ al-shām waʾl-jazīra, ed. ʿAbbāra, Yaḥyā, vol. 3, parts 1 and 2, The Jazīra. Damascus.Google Scholar
Ibn Shaddād al-Halabi, ʿIzz al-Dīn Muhammad ibn ʿAli 1983. Al-Rawḍ al-zāhir fi sīrat al-malik al-ẓāhir [Taʾrīkh al-malik al-ẓāhir], ed. Ḥuṭayṭ, Aḥmad, Die Geschichte des Sultans Baibars von ʿIzz ad-dīn Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Ibrāhīm b. Šaddād. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Ibn Shaddād al-Halabi, ʿIzz al-Dīn Muhammad ibn ʿAli 1984. Al-Aʿlaq al-khaṭīra fī dhikr umarāʾ al-shām waʾl-jazīra. tr. Anne-Marie Eddé. “La description de la Syrie du Nord de ʿIzz al-Dīn ibn Šaddad.” Bulletin d’études orientales 32–33: 265–402.(vol. 1, part. 2, North Syria except Aleppo).Google Scholar
Ibn Shaddād al-Halabi, ʿIzz al-Dīn Muhammad ibn ʿAli 1991. Al-Aʿlaq al-khaṭīra fī dhikr umarāʾ al-shām waʾl-jazīra, ed. ʿAbbāra, Yaḥyā. Damascus, vol. 1, parts 1 and 2. Damascus.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Ṣuqāʿī, al-Muwaffaq Faḍlallāh ibn Abī al-Khayr. 1974. Tālī kitāb wafāyāt al-aʿyān, ed. and tr. Jacqueline Sublet. Damascus.Google Scholar
Ṭabāṭabā, Ibn. See Ibn al-Ṭiqṭaqā.Google Scholar
Ibn Taghrī Birdī, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū al-Maḥāsin Yūsuf. 1930–1972. al-Nujūm al-zāhira fī mulūk miṣr waʾl-qāhira, vols. 1–12, no eds. mentioned; vols. 13–16, ed. Shalṭūṭ, Fāhim Muḥammad et al. Cairo. A partial edition and translation dealing with the late fourteenth and the fifteenth century was published by William Popper in the framework of University of California Publications in Semitic Philology, vols. 2–3, 5–7, 13–14, 17, 19, 20–24, Berkeley, 1909–1963.Google Scholar
Ibn Taghrī Birdī, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū al-Maḥāsin Yūsuf 1932. Al-Manhal al-ṣāfī waʾl-mustawfī baʿd al-wāfī. Summary translation published as Gaston Wiet, Les biographies du Manhal Sāfī. Cairo.Google Scholar
Ibn Taghrī Birdī, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū al-Maḥāsin Yūsuf 2008–2011 (ah 1329–1332). Al-Manhal al-ṣāfī waʾl-mustawfī baʿd al-wāfī, ed. Amin, Muḥammad M et al., 12 vols. Cairo. This same editor published the first four volumes in Cairo, 1984–1986.Google Scholar
Ibn Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī ibn Mūsā. 1996. Iqbāl al-aʿmāl. Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Taymiyya, Taqi al-Dīn Aḥmad. 1961–1967 (ah 1381–1386). Majmūʿ fatāwā shaykh al-islam aḥmad ibn taymiyya, ed.al-Najdī al-Ḥanbalī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, 37 vols. Riyad and Mecca.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Ṭiqṭaqā, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī. 1895. Al-Fakhrī fī al-ādāb al-sulṭāniyya waʾl-duwal al-islāmiyya, ed. Derenbourg, Hartwig. Paris.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Ṭiqṭaqā, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī 1910. Ibn al-Ṭiqṭaqā, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī. Al-Fakhri: Histoire des dynasties musulmanes depuis la mort de Mohamet jusqu’à la chute du khalifat ʿAbbāsīde de Bagdādz (11–656 de l’hegire = 632–1258 de J.-C.), tr. Émile Amar. Paris.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Ṭiqṭaqā, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī 1947, 1977, 1990. Al-Fakhri on the Systems of Government and the Moslem Dynasties, tr. C. E. J. Whitting. London.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Ṭiqṭaqā, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī 1989. Tārīkh-i fakhrī dar ādāb-i mulkdārī va dawlathā-yi Islāmī, tr. M. V. Gulpāyigānī. Tehran.Google Scholar
Ibn Wāṣil, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn Sālim. 1954–1977. Mufarrij al-kurūb fī akhbār banī ayyūb, ed. al-Shayyāl, Jamāl al-Dīn (vols. 1–3), Rabīʿ, Ḥasanayn (vol. 4) and al-Fattāḥ ʿĀshūr, Saʿīd ʿAbd (vol. 5). Cairo.Google Scholar
Ibn Wāṣil, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū ʿAbdallāh Muāammad ibn Sālim 2004 (ah 1425). Mufarrij al-kurūb fī akhbār banī ayyūb, ed al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd. Sidon and Beirut.Google Scholar
Ibn Wāṣil, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū ʿAbdallāh Muāammad ibn Sālim 2010. Mufarrij al-kurūb fī akhbār banī ayyūb. Published as Mohamed Rahim. Die Chronik des ibn Wāṣil. Ğamāl ad-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Wāṣil. Mufarrij al-Kurūb fī Aḫbār Banī Ayyūb. (648/1248–659/1261). Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Irwin, Robert. 1989. “The Byzantine and the Frank in Arab Popular Literature.” Mediterranean Historical Review 4: 237–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Irwin, Robert 1999. “What the Partridge Told the Eagle: A Neglected Arabic Source on Chinggis Khan and the Early History of the Mongols.” In The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy, ed. Amitai-Preiss, Reuven and Morgan, David, 4–11. Leiden.Google Scholar
Irwin, Robert 2010. Mamluks and Crusaders: Men of the Sword and Men of the Pen. Farnham and Burlington, VT.Google Scholar
Irwin, Robert 2018. Ibn Khaldun: An Intellectual Biography. Princeton and Oxford.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. 1981. “Djamāl Karshī.” In EI 2, supplement, fascicules 3–4, 240.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter 1993. “Al-Nasawī.” In EI2, vol. 7, 973–74.Google Scholar
al-Jazarī, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm. 2006 (ah 1426). Ḥawādith al-zamān wa-anbāʾuhu wa-wafāyāt al-akābir waʾl-aʿyān min abāʾihi, ed. al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd, 3 vols. Beirut and Sidon.Google Scholar
al-Kāzarūnī, Ẓahīr al-Dīn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Baghdādī. 1970. Mukhtaṣar al-taʾrīkh, min awwal al-zamān ilā muntahā dawlat banī al-ʿabbās, ed. Muṣṭafā, Jawād. Baghdad.Google Scholar
Khalidi, Tarif. 1996. Arabic Historical Thought in the Classical Period. Cambridge.Google Scholar
al-Ḥawādith, Kitāb, see (pseudo-)Ibn al-Fuwaṭī.Google Scholar
Krawulsky, Dorothea. 2011. The Mongol Īlkhāns and Their Vizier Rashīd al-Dīn. Frankfurt am Main.Google Scholar
Laoust, Henri. 1971. “Ibn Taymiyya.” In EI2, vol. 3, 951–55.Google Scholar
Lech, Klaus, ed. and tr. 1968. Das Mongolische Weltreich: al-ʿUmarī’s Darstellung der mongolischen Reiche in seinem Werk Masālik al-abṣār fī mamālik al-amṣār. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Levi della Vida, Giorgio. 1935. “L’Invasione dei Tartari in Siria nel 1260 nei ricordi di un testimone oculare.” Orientalia 4: 253–76.Google Scholar
Lewicka, Paulina. 1998. “What a King Should Care About: Two Memoranda of the Mamluk Sultan on Running the State’s Affairs.” Studia arabistyczne i islamistyczne 6: 5–45.Google Scholar
Lewis, Bernard. 1974. Islam from the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople, 2 vols. New York.Google Scholar
Lewis, Bernard, and Holt, Peter M., eds. 1962. Historians of the Middle East. London.Google Scholar
Guo, Li. 1998. Early Mamluk Syrian Historiography: Al-Yūnīnī’s Dhayl Mirʾāt al-Zamān. Leiden.Google Scholar
Little, Donald P. 1968. An Introduction to Mamlūk Historiography: An Analysis of Arabic Annalistic and Biographical Sources for the Reign of al-Malik an-Nāṣir Muḥammad ibn Qalāʾūn. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Little, Donald P. 1973. “The Historical and Historiographical Significance of the Detention of Ibn Taymiyya.” International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 4: 311–27.Google Scholar
Little, Donald P. 1976. “Al-Ṣafadī as Biographer of His Contemporaries.” In Essays on Islamic Civilization Presented to Niyazi Berkes, ed. Little, Donald P., 190–210. Leiden.Google Scholar
Little, Donald P. 1998. “Historiography of the Ayyūbid and Mamlūk Epochs.” In The Cambridge History of Egypt, vol. 1, Islamic Egypt, 640–1517, ed. Petry, Carl, 412–44. Cambridge.Google Scholar
al-Maqrīzī, Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī. 1853–1854 (ah 1270). Al-Mawāʿiẓ waʾl-iʿtibār bi-dhikr al-khiṭaṭ waʾl-āthār fī miṣr waʾl-qāhira, ed. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Quṭṭāh al-ʿAdawī, Muḥammad ibn, 2 vols. Bulaq.Google Scholar
al-Maqrīzī, Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī 1934–1973. Kitāb al-sulūk li-maʿrifat duwal al-mulūk, ed. Muṣṭafā Ziyāda, Muḥammad and ʿĀshūr, ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ , 4 vols. in 12 parts. Cairo. For partial translations: Broadhurst 1980 and Quatremère 1837–1845.Google Scholar
al-Maqrīzī, Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī 2002–2003. Al-Mawāʿiẓ waʾl-iʿtibār bi-dhikr al-khiṭaṭ waʾl-āthār fī miṣr waʾl-qāhira, ed.Fuʾād Sayyid, Ayman, 3 vols. London.Google Scholar
Maʿrūf, Nājī. 1965. Taʾrīkh ʿulamāʾ al-mustanṣirīyya, 2nd ed. Baghdād.Google Scholar
Melkonian, Antranig. 1975. Die Jahre 1287–1291 in der Chronik al-Yūnīnīs. Freiburg im Breisgau.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles. 1990. “Pādshāh-i Islām: The Conversion of Sultan Maḥmūd Ghāzān Khān.” Pembroke Papers 1: 159–77.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles 1992. “‘The Year of the Elephant’: Mamluk–Mongol Rivalry in the Hejaz in the Reign of Abū Saʿīd (1317–1335).” Studia Iranica 21: 197–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melville, Charles 1996. “‘Sometimes by the Sword, Sometimes by the Dagger’: The Role of the Ismaʿilis in Mamlūk–Mongol Relations in the 8th/14th Century.” In Medieval Ismaʿili History and Thought, ed. Daftary, Farhad, 247–63. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Melville, Charles 1997. “Ebn al-Fowati, Kamāl al-Dīn ʿAbd-al-Razzāq b. Aḥmad.” EIr, vol. 8, 25–26.Google Scholar
Michot, Jean [Yahya]. 1994–1995. “Textes spirituels d’Ibn Taymiyya. Mongols et Mamlûks: l’états du monde musulman vers 709/1310.” Le Musulmen, 24: 24–31, 25: 25–30, 26: 25–30. Online at www.muslimphilosophy.com/it/index.html (accessed February 28, 2021).Google Scholar
Morgan, David O. 2001. “Ibn Baṭṭūṭa and the Mongols.” JRAS, 3rd series 11: 1–11.Google Scholar
Morgan, David O. 2007. The Mongols, 2nd ed. Oxford.Google Scholar
Muhanna, Elias. 2018. The World in a Book: Al-Nuwayri and the Islamic Encyclopedic Tradition. Princeton and Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nasawī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad. 1891–1895. Sīrat al-Sulṭān Jalāl al-Dīn Mankubirtī. Published as Histoire du sultan Djelal ed-Din Mankobirti, prince du Kharezm, ed. and tr. Octive Victor Houdas. Paris.Google Scholar
Nasawī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad 1953. Sīrat al-sulṭān jalāl al-dīn mankubirtī, ed. Ḥamdī, Ḥāfiẓ Aḥmad. Cairo.Google Scholar
Nasawī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad 1965 (ah 1344). Sīrat jalāl al-dīn minkubirnī; tarjumah-yi fārsī az aṣl-i ʿarabī az mutarjim maḥjūl dar qarn-i haftum-i hijrī, ed. Mīnūvī, Mujtabā. Tehran.Google Scholar
Nasawī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad 1996. Sīrat as-Sulṭān Dzhalāl ad-Dīn Mankburny = Zhizneopisanie Sultana Dzhalal ad-Dina, ed. and tr. Ziia M. Bunii͡atov. Moscow.Google Scholar
Nasawī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad 1999, 2006. Sulton Zhaloliddin Manguberdi ḣaëti tafsiloti [Kamol Matëqubov tarzhimasi]. Tashkent.Google Scholar
Northrup, LindaS. 1998. From Slave to Sultan: The Career of al-Manṣūr Qalāwūn and the Consolidation of Mamluk Rule in Egypt and Syria (678–689 A.H./1279–1290 A.D.). Stuttgart.Google Scholar
al-maʿārif, Nūr. 2003–2005. Nūr al-maʿārif fī nuẓum wa-qawānīn wa-aʿrāf al-yaman fī al-ʿahd al-muẓaffarī al-wārif = Nur al-maʿarif, Lumière de la Connaissance: règles, lois et coutumes du Yemen sous le règne du sultan rassoulide al-Muzaffar, ed. Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Jāzim, 2 vols. Ṣanʿāʾ.Google Scholar
al-Nuwaryī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb. 1923–1997. Nihāyat al-arab fī funūn al-adab, various eds. Cairo, vol. 27, ed. Saʿīd ʿĀshūr. Cairo, 1984 (ah 1405).Google Scholar
al-Nuwaryī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb 2016. Nihāyat al-arab fī funūn al-adab, partial tr. in The Ultimate Ambition in the Arts of Erudition: A Compendium of Knowledge from the Classical Islamic World, ed. and tr. Elias Muhanna. New York.Google Scholar
Pedersen, Johannes. 1971a. “Ibn ʿAbd al-Ẓāhir.” In EI2, vol. 3, 769–80.Google Scholar
Pedersen, Johannes 1971b. “Ibn Duḳmāḳ.” In EI2, vol. 3, 756.Google Scholar
Petry, Carl. 1995. “Al-Sakhawī.” In EI2, vol. 8, 881–82.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, Judith. 2006. “Aḥmad Tegüder’s Second Letter to Qalāʾūn (682/1283).” In History and Historiography of Post-Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East: Studies in Honor of John E. Woods, ed. Pfeiffer, Judith and Quinn, Sholeh A., in collaboration with Ernest Tucker, 167–202. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, Judith 2013. “Protecting Private Property vs. Negotiating Political Authority: Nūr al-Dīn b. Jājā and his Endowments in Thirteenth-Century Anatolia.” In Ferdowsi, the Mongols and the History of Iran: Art, Literature and Culture from Early Islam to Qajar Persia, ed. Hillenbrand, Robert, Peacock, A. C. S., and Abdullaeva, Firuza, 147–65. London.Google Scholar
Phillips, Eustace D. 1969. The Mongols. London.Google Scholar
Pistor-Hatam, Anja. 2003. “Ursachenforschung und Sinngebung: Die mongolische Eroberung Bagdads in Ibn Halduns zyklischem Geschichtsmodell.” In Die Mamluken: Studien zu ihrer Geschichte und Kultur. Zum Gedenken an Ulrich Haarmann (1942–1999), ed. Conermann, Stephan and Pistor-Hatam, Anja. Schenefeld.Google Scholar
al-Qalqashandī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī. 1963. Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā fī ṣināʿat al-inshā, repr., with corrections, of the original Cairo, 1913–1922 (ah 1331–1340) ed., 12 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
al-Qalqashandī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī 2006. Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā fī ṣināʿat al-inshā, ed. Muṣṭafā Muḥammad Mūsā, 12 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
Qarshī, Jamāl. 1900. Al-Mulḥaqāt biʾl-ṣurāḥ. In V. V. Bartold, Turkestan v epokhu mongol′skogo nashestvia, vol. 1, 128–52. St. Petersburg.Google Scholar
Qarshī, Jamāl 1986–1987. “Jia-ma-er Ke-er-shi he ta de Sulahe Cidian Bupian 賈瑪爾喀爾施和他的 <蘇拉赫詞典補編>” (Jamāl Qarshī and his Mulḥaqāt biʾl-ṣurāḥ), tr. Hua Tao 華濤, Yuanshi ji beifang minzu shi yanjiu jikan 元史及北方民族史研究集刊 10: 60–69, 11: 92–109.Google Scholar
Qarshī, Jamāl 2005. Al-Mulḥaqāt biʾl ṣurāḥ, in Muminov, A. K., ed. Istorii͡a Kazakhstana v persidskikh istochnikakh, vol. 1. Almaty.Google Scholar
Qarshī, Jamāl 2006. Al-Mulḥaqāt biʾl-ṣurāḥ. Dushanbe.Google Scholar
Qirṭāy (or Qaraṭāy), al-ʿIzzī al-Khaznadār Shihāb al-Dīn. 2005a (ah 1426). Taʾrīkh majmūʿ al-nawādir mimmā jāra liʾl-awāʾil waʾl-awākhir, ed. al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd. Beirut and Sidon.Google Scholar
Qirṭāy (or Qaraṭāy), al-ʿIzzī al-Khaznadār Shihāb al-Dīn 2005b. Taʾrīkh majmūʿ al-nawādir mimmā jāra liʾl-awāʾil waʾl-awākhir, ed. Hein, Horst and al-Huğayrī, Muḥammad. Beirut.Google Scholar
Qirṭāy (or Qaraṭāy), al-ʿIzzī al-Khaznadār Shihāb al-Dīn 2008 (ah 1429). Taʾrīkh majmūʿ al-nawādir mimmā jāra liʾl-awāʾil waʾl-awākhir, ed. al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd. Beirut and Sidon.Google Scholar
Quatremère, Étienne Marc, ed. and tr. 1836. Histoire des mongols de Perse. Paris.Google Scholar
Quatremère, Étienne Marc 1837–1845. L’histoire des sultans mamelouks de l’Égypte écrite en arabe par Taki-eddin-Ahmed Makrizi, 2 vols. in 4 parts. Paris.Google Scholar
al-Qurashī, ʿAbd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad. 1993. Al-Jawāhir al-muḍiyya fī ṭabakāt al-ḥanafiyya, ed. Muḥammad al-Ḥulw, ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ, 5 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
Raff, Thomas. 1973. Remarks on an Anti-Mongol Fatwa by Ibn Taimiya. Leiden.Google Scholar
Rashīd al-Dīn, Abū al-Khayr Faḍlallāh ibn ʿImād al-Dīn al-Hamadānī. MS Paris. Al-Majmūʿa al-rashīdiyya. Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS arabe 2324.Google Scholar
Rashīd al-Dīn, Abū al-Khayr Faḍlallāh ibn ʿImād al-Dīn al-Hamadānī 2016. Bayān al-ḥaqā‘iq/Beyānu’l-hakāik Hakikatlerin beyani, ed. Pfeiffer, Judith. Istanbul.Google Scholar
Richards, Donald S. 1982. “Ibn al-Athīr and the Later Parts of the Kāmil: A Study of Aims and Methods.” In Medieval Historical Writing in the Christian and Islamic Worlds, ed. Morgan, David O., 77–108. London.Google Scholar
Richards, Donald S. 1996. “Ebn al-Aṯīr, ʿEzz-al-Dīn Abuʾl-Ḥasan ʿAlī.” In EIr, vol. 7, 671–72.Google Scholar
Robinson, Chase. 2003. Islamic Historiography. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Franz. 1967. The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History, 2nd ed., 3 vols. Princeton.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Franz 1971a. “Ibn al-Athīr, ʿIzz al- Dīn Abū ʾl-Ḥasan ʿAlī.” In EI2, vol. 3, 724.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Franz 1971b. “Ibn al-Fuwaṭī.” In EI2, vol. 3, 769–70.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Franz 1971c. “Ibn Ḥadjar al-ʿAsḳalānī.” In EI2, vol. 3, 776–78.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Franz 1971d. “Ibn al-Sāʿī.” In EI2, vol. 3, 925–26.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Franz 1971e. “Ibn al-Ṭiḳṭaḳā.” In EI2, vol. 3, 956.Google Scholar
al-Ṣafadī, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Khalīl ibn Aybak. 1931–2013. Al-Wāfī biʾl-wafāyāt, ed. Ritter, Hans et al., 32 vols. Istanbul.Google Scholar
al-Ṣafadī, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Khalīl ibn Aybak 1998. Aʿyān al-ʿaṣr wa-aʿwān al-naṣr, ed. ʿAlī. Abū Zayd et al., 6 vols. Beirut and Damascus.Google Scholar
al-Sakhawī, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. 1934–1936 (ah 1354–1355). Al-Dawʾ al-lāmiʿ li-ahl al-qarn al-tāsiʿ, ed. al-Dīn al-Qudsī, Ḥusām, 12 vols. Cairo.Google Scholar
Salibi, Kamal S. 1971. “Ibn Faḍl Allāh al-ʿUmarī.” In EI2, vol. 3, 758–59.Google Scholar
Saunders, John J. 1971. The History of the Mongol Conquests. London.Google Scholar
Sauvaget, Jean. 1949. La chronique de Damas d’Jazari. Paris.Google Scholar
Schacht, Joseph, and Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. 1997. “Al-Subkī.” In EI2, vol. 9, 743–45.Google Scholar
Shabībī, Muḥammad Riḍā. 1950. Muʾarrikh al-ʿirāq ibn al-fuwaṭī: baḥth adwār al-taʾrīkh al-ʿirāqī min mustahall al-ʿaṣr al-ʻabbāsī ilā awākhir al-ʿaṣr al-mughūlī. Baghdad.Google Scholar
Shabo, Nir. 2013. “Jalāl al-Dīn, the Last Khwārazm Shāh.” MA thesis, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Shāfiʿ ibn ʿAlī, Nāṣir al-Dīn ibn ʿAsākir al-ʿAsqalānī. 1989. Ḥuṣn al-manāqib al-sirriyya al-muntazʿa min al-sīra al-ẓāhiriyya, ed. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Khuwayṭir, 2nd printing. Riyad. First printed in Riyad, 1976 (ah 1386).Google Scholar
Shāfiʿ ibn ʿAlī, Nāṣir al-Dīn ibn ʿAsākir al-ʿAsqalānī 1998. Al-Faḍl al-maʾthūr min sīrat al-sulṭān al-malik al-manṣūr, ed.al-Salām Tadmurī, ʿUmar ʿAbd. Beirut.Google Scholar
Shāfiʿ ibn ʿAlī, Nāṣir al-Dīn ibn ʿAsākir al-ʿAsqalānī 2000. Al-Faḍl al-maʾthūr min sīrat al-sulṭān al-malik al-manṣūr, published as Paulina B. Lewicka, Šāfiʿ Ibn ʿAlī’s Biography of the Mamluk Sultan Qalāwūn. Warsaw.Google Scholar
El-Shayyal, Gamal al-Din. 1971. “Ibn Wāṣil.” In EI2, vol. 3, 967.Google Scholar
Sibṭ Ibn al-Jawzī, Shams al-Dīn Abū al-Muẓaffar Yūsuf ibn Qizughlī. 1907. Mirʾat al-zamān fī taʾrīkh al-aʿyān, ed. Jewett, R. M.. Chicago. Facsimile of vol. 8.Google Scholar
Sibṭ Ibn al-Jawzī, Shams al-Dīn Abū al-Muẓaffar Yūsuf ibn Qizughlī 1951–1952. Mirʾāt al-zamān fī taʾrīkh al-aʿyān, vols. 8/1 and 8/2. Hyderabad.Google Scholar
Sibṭ Ibn al-Jawzī, Shams al-Dīn Abū al-Muẓaffar Yūsuf ibn Qizughlī 1968. Mirʾāt al-zamān fī taʾrīkh al-aʿyān, published as Sibt İbnü’l-Cevzi, Mir’âtü’z-zeman fī tarihi’l-âyan, ed. Sevim, Ali. Ankara.Google Scholar
Sibṭ Ibn al-Jawzī, Shams al-Dīn Abū al-Muẓaffar Yūsuf ibn Qizughlī 2013 (ah 1434). Mirʾāt al-zamān fī taʾrīkh al-aʿyān, ed. al-Jubūrī, K. M. et al., 23 vols. Beirut.Google Scholar
Sourdel, Dominique. 1971. “Ibn Shaddād … al-Ḥalabī.” In EI2, vol. 3, 933.Google Scholar
Spuler, Bertold. 1965. Die Goldene Horde: Die Mongolen in Russland, 1223–1502, 2nd ed. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Spuler, Bertold 1968. Geschichte der Mongolen nach östlichen und europäische Zeugnissen des 13. und 14. Jahrhunderts. Zurich and Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Spuler, Bertold 1972. History of the Mongols: Based on Eastern and Western Accounts of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries, tr. Helga and Stuart Drummond. London.Google Scholar
Spuler, Bertold 1985. Die Mongolen in Iran: Verwaltung und Kultur der Ilchanzeit, 1220–1350, 4th ed. Leiden.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
al-Subkī, Tāj al-Dīn Abū Naṣr ibn Taqī al-Dīn ʿAli. 1964. Ṭabaqāt al-shafiʿiyya al-kubrā. Aleppo.Google Scholar
Talbi, Mohamed. 1971. “Ibn Khaldūn.” In EI2, vol. 3, 825–31.Google Scholar
Temir, Ahmet. 1959. Kırșehir emiri Caca oğlu Nur el-Din’in 1272 tarihli Arapc̦a-Moğolca vakfiyesi. Ankara.Google Scholar
Tiesenhausen (= Tizengauzen), Vladimir. 1884. Recueil de matériaux relatifs à l’histoire de la Horde d’Or [Sbornik Materīalov, Otnosiashchikhsia k Istorii Zolotoĭ y Ordy], vol. 1, Extraits des ouvrages arabes. St. Petersburg.Google Scholar
Tiesenhausen (= Tizengauzen), Vladimir 1941. Altinordu devleti tarihine ait metinler, tr. Ismail Hakki Izmirli. Istanbul.Google Scholar
Tiesenhausen (= Tizengauzen), Vladimir 2005. Istoriya Kazakhstana v arabskikh istochnikakh. T. I: Tizengauzen V. G. Sbornik materialov, otnosyashchikhsya k istorii Zolotoy Ordy. T. I. Izvlecheniya iz sochineniy arabskikh, ed. Kumekov, Bulat E. and Muminov., Ashirbek K. Almaty.Google Scholar
Al-ʿUmarī, , see Ibn Fadlallāh al-ʿUmarī 1894–1895; Lech 1968.Google Scholar
Vallet, Eric. 2010. L’Arabie marchande: état et commerce sous les sultans rasulides du Yémen, 626–858/1229–1454. Paris.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Josephine, van den Bent. 2016. “‘None of the Kings on Earth Is Their Equal in `Asabiyya’: The Mongols in Ibn Khaldun’s Works.” Al-Masāq 28.2: 171–86.Google Scholar
Josef, van Ess, 1981. Der Wesir und seine Gelehrten: Zu Inhalt und Entstehungsgeschichte der theologischen Schriften des Rašīduddīn Fażlullāh (gest. 718/1318). Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Varisco, Daniel M., and Rex Smith, G., eds. 1998. The Manuscript of al-Malik al-Afḍal al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAlī Dāʾūd b. ʿUmar ibn Rasūl. A Medieval Arabic Anthology from the Yemen. Warminster.Google Scholar
Veccia Vaglieri, L. 1971. “Ibn Abi ʾl-Ḥadīd.” In EI2, vol. 3, 684–86.Google Scholar
Waines, David. 2010. The Odyssey of Ibn Battuta: Uncommon Tales of a Medieval Traveller. London and New York.Google Scholar
al-Wāsiṭī, Taqī al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAbd al-Muʾmin. 1887. Tiryāq al-muḥibbīn fī sīrat sulṭān al-ʿārifīn aḥmad ibn al-rifāʿī. Cairo.Google Scholar
Weiers, Michael. 1986. “Nahöstliche und europäsche Quellen.” In Die Mongolen: Beiträge zu ihrer Geschichte und Kultur, ed. Weiers, Michael, 18–28. Darmstadt.Google Scholar
Yasuhiro, Yokkaichi. 2008. “Chinese and Muslim Diasporas and the Indian Ocean Trade Network under Mongol Hegemony. In The East Asian Mediterranean: Maritime Crossroads of Culture, Commerce and Human Migration, ed. Schottenhammer, Angela, 73–102. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Yasuhiro, Yokkaichi 2019. “The Maritime and Continental Networks of Kīsh Merchants under Mongol Rule: The Role of the Indian Ocean, Fārs and Iraq.” JESHO 62.2–3, 428–63.Google Scholar
al-Yūnīnī, Quṭb al-Dīn Mūsā ibn Muḥammad. 1954–1961. Dhayl mirʾāt al-zamān fī taʾrīkh al-aʿyān. Hyderabad.Google Scholar
al-Yūnīnī, Quṭb al-Dīn Mūsā ibn Muḥammad 2013. Dhayl mirʾāt al-zamān fī taʾrīkh al-aʿyān, ed. al-Jubūrī, K. M. et al. Beirut. Vols. 16–23 of Sibṭ Ibn al-Jawzī 2013.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×