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Multiple mechanisms responsible for differential susceptibilities of Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) to pirimicarb

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2009

Y. Lu  and
X. Gao
Y. Lu*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
X. Gao*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +86-1-62732974 E-mail: gaoxiwu@263.net.cn
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Abstract

Both Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) are the most important pests of wheat in China and usually coexist on the late period of wheat growth. Pirimicarb was introduced into China for wheat aphid control in early 1990s, and differential susceptibilities of Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) to pirimicarb have been observed. A bioassay exhibited that Rhopalosiphum padi possessed significantly higher susceptibility to pirimicarb than Sitobion avenae. The addition of synergists DEF, an esterase inhibitor, PBO, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor, and DEM, a glutathione S-transferase inhibitor, resulted in apparent reductions in the differential susceptibilities, suggesting the involvement of the above three detoxification enzymes in the differential susceptibility to pirimicarb between Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi. A biochemical analysis showed that the activities of carboxylesterases and glutathione S-transferases were significantly higher in Sitobion avenae than in Rhopalosiphum padi, consistent with the results of synergism. Acetylcholinesterase is the target enzyme of pirimicarb and the sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to pirimicarb was significantly higher in Rhopalosiphum padi than in Sitobion avenae. The combined results suggest that multiple mechanisms are likely to be responsible for differential susceptibilities to pirimicarb between Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi. The results obtained from this study should be helpful in the rational applications of insecticides.

Keywords

Differential susceptibilitySitobion avenaeRhopalosiphum padiacetylcholinesterasecarboxylesteraseglutathione S-transferase
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 99 , Issue 6 , December 2009 , pp. 611 - 617
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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