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Test–retest reliability and sensitivity to change of the dimensional anxiety scales for DSM-5

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 November 2013

Susanne Knappe ,
Jens Klotsche ,
Franziska Heyde ,
Sarah Hiob ,
Jens Siegert ,
Jürgen Hoyer ,
Anja Strobel ,
Richard T. LeBeau ,
Michelle G. Craske  and
Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
...Show all authors
Susanne Knappe*
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Jens Klotsche
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Franziska Heyde
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Sarah Hiob
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Jens Siegert
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Jürgen Hoyer
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Anja Strobel
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Process-Oriented Assessment, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Richard T. LeBeau
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
Michelle G. Craske
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Katja Beesdo-Baum
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
*
*Address for correspondence: Susanne Knappe, Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187 Dresden, Germany. (Email: knappe@psychologie.tu-dresden.de)
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Abstract

Objective

This article reports on the test–retest reliability and sensitivity to change of a set of brief dimensional self-rating questionnaires for social anxiety disorder (SAD-D), specific phobia (SP-D), agoraphobia (AG-D), panic disorder (PD-D), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-D), as well as a general cross-cutting anxiety scale (Cross-D), which were developed to supplement categorical diagnoses in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5).

Methods

The German versions of the dimensional anxiety scales were administered to 218 students followed up approximately 2 weeks later (Study 1) and 55 outpatients (23 with anxiety diagnoses) followed-up 1 year later (Study 2). Probable diagnostic status in students was determined by the DIA-X/M-CIDI stem screening-questionnaire (SSQ). In the clinical sample, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) diagnoses were assessed at Time 1 using the DIA-X/M-CIDI. At Time 2, the patient-version of the Clinical Global Impression—Improvement scale (CGI-I) was applied to assess change.

Results

Good psychometric properties, including high test–retest reliability, were found for the dimensional scales except for SP-D. In outpatients, improvement at Time 2 was associated with significant decrease in PD-D, GAD-D, and Cross-D scores.

Discussion

Major advantages of the scales include that they are brief, concise, and based on a consistent template to measure the cognitive, physiological, and behavioral symptoms of fear and anxiety. Further replication in larger samples is needed. Given its modest psychometric properties, SP-D needs refinement.

Conclusion

Increasing evidence from diverse samples suggests clinical utility of the dimensional anxiety scales.

Keywords

AnxietyassessmentdiagnosticDSMpsychometric
Type
Original Research
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 19 , Issue 3 , June 2014 , pp. 256 - 267
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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Footnotes

This article was generated as part of the DSM-5 Work Group activities, ©2012 by the American Psychiatric Association.

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