Insomnia disorder involves trouble falling asleep, trouble staying asleep, or both. A review using the new criteria for empirically supported treatments gave a strong recommendation for cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia. Credible components of treatment include stimulus control, sleep restriction, and relaxation therapies. A sidebar discusses components requiring further research.

This chapter focuses on cognitive loss related to neurocognitive disorders. Both behavioral and cognitive interventions are discussed, and caregiver support is also an important topic. Basic components include education and healthcare navigation, as well as reducing vascular risk factors and preventing excess disability. Other credible components include a problem-solving stance, systematic observations, stimulus control, reestablishing chains/sequences, access to meaningful events, differential reinforcement, intervening on social contingencies, cognitive reframing, and distress tolerance skills. A sidebar discusses format and duration of intervention.

Self-control problems are ubiquitous and a frequent target of behavior change interventions. From a theoretical perspective, self-control is not a unitary phenomenon but rather encompasses a vast and complex set of interacting aspects or key components. As the science of self-control keeps growing, the integration of these key components becomes increasingly important. To this end, an integrative self-control theory (integrative self-control theory) is proposed – a mid-level theory that connects seven psychological components or “hubs” of self-control: (1) desire; (2) self-control goal; (3) self-control conflict; (4) self-control motivation; (5) self-control capacity; (6) self-control effort; and (7) constraints. This chapter addresses the issue of behavior change from the perspective of this integrative theory of self-control. A brief introduction to the theory is followed by demonstrations on how it can be used to identify and classify various behavior change techniques in the self-control domain. Moreover, differences and similarities of integrative self-control theory next to more general frameworks such as the commitment-opportunity-motivation behavior model (Michie, Atkins, & West, 2014) are outlined, avenues for future research highlighted, and general recommendations for behavior change from the perspective integrative self-control theory provided.