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Edited by
Michael Selzer, University of Pennsylvania,Stephanie Clarke, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland,Leonardo Cohen, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland,Pamela Duncan, University of Florida,Fred Gage, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego
This chapter focuses on apraxic syndromes that are similar to those described by Liepmann: ideational (conceptual) apraxia, ideomotor apraxia either as ideomotor limb apraxia or buccofacial apraxia, and limbkinetic apraxia. Limbkinetic apraxia could reflect deficient information processing during the preparation and execution of specific movements components such as the object-related grip formation, a capability that has been shown to involve specific parieto-premotor circuits. The chapter describes the model of praxis-related processes, and outlines the neuroanatomical considerations. Various cognitive-motor aspects that are relevant for praxis are represented in different functional brain networks. Signs and symptoms of motor apraxia were described both for ideomotor and ideational apraxia by Poeck who argued that positive signs for apraxia can be observed as parapraxias, that is typical apraxic performance errors, when certain movement tasks are examined. Apraxic disorders are prevalent in different neurological patient groups, and affect motor competence in everyday life tasks and communication.
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