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An investigation of temperament endophenotype candidates for early emergence of the core cognitive component of eating disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2008

S. M. Wilksch  and
T. D. Wade
S. M. Wilksch*
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
T. D. Wade
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
*
*Address for correspondence: S. M. Wilksch, Ph.D., School of Psychology, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia. (Email: simon.wilksch@flinders.edu.au)
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Abstract

Background

This study was designed to investigate potential temperament endophenotypes for clinically significant importance of shape and weight.

Method

Seven temperament risk factors for eating disorders and the Eating Disorder Examination were assessed in 699 female twins aged 12–15 years. Each variable was evaluated against the following endophenotype criteria: associated with illness in the general population; found in non-affected family members at a higher rate than in the general population; and, heritable.

Results

All seven variables were significantly associated with clinically significant importance of shape and weight, while thin-ideal internalization, ineffectiveness, body dissatisfaction and sensitivity to punishment were found at significantly elevated levels in non-affected twins, when controlling for sister's temperament score. These four variables had genetic correlations with importance of shape and weight, ranging from 0.48 to 0.95.

Conclusions

Future research should evaluate the stability of the identified endophenotypes and their utility for predicting significant growth in importance of shape and weight, and also whether different endophenotypes emerge when the importance of weight and shape reaches its peak in adolescents, around 15 to 16 years of age.

Keywords

Eating disordersimportance of shape and weightrisk factorstwin studies
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 39 , Issue 5 , May 2009 , pp. 811 - 821
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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