Journal Articles

Aksoy S, Elmai A. The core concepts of the “four principles” of bioethics as found in Islamic tradition. Medicine and Law 2002;21:211–24.

Beauchamp TL. Principlism and its alleged competitors. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 1995;5:181–98.

Callahan D. The social sciences and the task of bioethics. Daedalus 1999;128:275–94.

Callahan D. Universalism and particularism: fighting to a draw. Hastings Center Report 2000;30:37–44.

Carson RA. Interpretive bioethics: the way of discernment. Theoretical Medicine 1990;11:51–9.

Carter MA. A synthetic approach to bioethical inquiry. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 2000;21(3):217–34.

Clouser KD, Gert B. A critique of principlism. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 1990;15:219–36.

Clouser KD. Common morality as an alternative to principlism. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 1995;5:219–36.

Crosthwaite J. Moral expertise: a problem in the professional ethics of professional ethicists. Bioethics 1995;9:361–79.

Davis RB. The principlism debate: a critical overview. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 1995;20:85–105.

Donchin A. Understanding autonomy relationally: toward a reconfiguration of bioethical principles Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 2001;26:365–86.

Engelhardt HT. Bioethics in the third millennium: some critical anticipations. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 1999;9:225–43.

Gert B, Culver CM, Clouser KD. Common morality versus specified principlism: reply to Richardson. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 2000;25:308–22.

Green RM. Method in bioethics: a troubled assessment. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 1990;15:179–97.

Haimes E. What can the social sciences contribute to the study of ethics? theoretical, empirical, and substantive considerations. Bioethics 2002;16:89–113.

Hanson K. Are principles ever properly ignored? a reply to Beauchamp on bioethical paradigms. Indiana Law Journal 1994;69:975–81.

Häyry H. Should the decisions of ethics committees be based on community values? Medicine, Health Care, and Philosophy 1998;1:57–60.

Häyry M. Ethics committees, principles and consequences. Journal of Medical Ethics 1998;24:81–5.

Holm S. Not just autonomy: the principles of American biomedical ethics. Journal of Medical Ethics 1995;21:332–8.

Houtepen R, ter Meulen RT. The expectation(s) of solidarity: matters of justice, responsibility, and identity in the reconstruction of the health care system. Health Care Analysis 2000;8:355–76.

Iltis AS. Bioethics as methodological case resolution: specification, specified principlism, and casuistry. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 2000;25:271–84.

Kaiser M. Introduction to the special issue on the precautionary principle. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 2002;15:1–5.

Limentani AE. The role of ethical principles in health care and the implications for ethical codes. Journal of Medical Ethics 1999;25:394–8.

Lustig BA. The method of “principlism”: a critique of the critique. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 1992;17:487–510.

McGrath P. Autonomy, discourse, and power: a postmodern reflection on principlism and bioethics. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 1998;23:516–32.

Nordgren A. Ethics and imagination: implications of cognitive semantics for medical ethics. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 1998;19:117–41.

Pellegrino ED, Thomasma DC. The conflict between autonomy and beneficence in medical ethics: proposal for a resolution. Journal of Contemporary Health Law and Policy 1987;3:23–46.

Richardson HS. Specifying, balancing, and interpreting bioethical principles. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 2000;25:285–307.

Rudnick A. A meta-ethical critique of care ethics. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 2001;22:505–17.

Sharpe VA. Why “do no harm”? Theoretical Medicine 1997;18:197–215.

Steinberg A. The foundations and the development of modern medical ethics. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 1995;12:473–6.

Takala T. What is wrong with global bioethics? on the limitations of the four principles approach. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 2001;10:72–7.

Tollefsen C. What would John Dewey do? the promises and perils of pragmatic bioethics. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 2000;25:77–106.

Tsai DF. Ancient Chinese medical ethics and the four principles of biomedical ethics. Journal of Medical Ethics 1999;25:315–21.

Veatch RM. The foundations of bioethics. Bioethics 1999;13:206–17.

Veatch RM. Resolving conflicts among principles: ranking, balancing, and specifying. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 1995;5:199–218.

Viafora C. Toward a methodology for the ethical analysis of clinical practice. Medicine, Health Care, and Philosophy 1999;2:283–97.

Wildes KW. Bioethics as social philosophy. Social Philosophy and Policy 2002;19:113–25.

Books/Book Sections

Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. 5th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2001.

Berlin I, Sir. Two Concepts of Liberty: An Inaugural Lecture Delivered before the University of Oxford on 31 October 1958. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1958.

Häyry M, Takala T. The Future of Value Inquiry. Value inquiry book series; Vol. 112. Nordic value studies. Amsterdam: Rodopi; 2001.

Lloyd A, Gillon R. Principles of Health Care Ethics. New York: Wiley; 1994.

Rawls J. A Theory of Justice. Rev. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; 1999.

Rorty R. Afterward: Pragmatism, Pluralism, and Post-Modernism. In: Rorty R, ed. Philosophy and Social Hope. New York: Penguin; 1999:265–6.

Veatch RM. The Foundations of Justice: Why the Retarded and the Rest of Us Have Claims to Equality. New York: Oxford University Press; 1986.