Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-g4j75 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-09T13:44:29.606Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
Accepted manuscript

The association between dietary inflammatory potential and risk of total and site-specific colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 February 2025

Ali Nikparast
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Elahe Etesami
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mahshad Shafiee
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh Javaheri-Tafti
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arefeh Mohajerani
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Matin Ghanavati*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
*
*Corresponding author: Matin Ghanavati, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.19395-4741; Tehran, Iran. Matina_844@yahoo.com
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

In the last decades, it has been well known that low grade inflammation plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of different cancers. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was to evaluate the association between inflammatory potential of diet measured through the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), energy-adjusted DII (E-DII), empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) and inflammatory score of the diet (ISD) and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and site-specific colon cancer. A systematic electronic search of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, the Web of Sciences, and reference lists up to November 21, 2023, was performed. Data were pooled by the generic inverse variance method using random effect model. To assess the heterogeneity of included studies, the I2 index was used. A total of 28 original studies, comprising 2,287,836 participants, were selected to include in this meta-analysis. Pooled results showed a significant association between higher adherence to proinflammatory diet and increased risk of CRC (ES:1.39;95%CI:1.29-1.51;I2=82.9%), colon (ES:1.40;95%CI:1.26-1.55; I²= 73.3%, p<0.01), proximal colon (ES:1.28; 95% CI:1.17-1.40;I²=29.1%), distal (ES:1.50;95%CI:1.30-1.74;I²= 63.5%) and rectal (ES:1.46;95%CI:1.23-1.74;I²=80%). Stratified analysis by type of dietary indices noted that greater adherence to the DII, E-DII, and EDIP were related to significant increase in risk of overall CRC and site-specific colon cancers. Our results highlighted the proposed role of inflammatory protentional of diet as important risk factor for CRC. Adherence to an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern should be recommended to reduce incidence of CRC, globally.

Type
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Copyright
The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society