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Mechanisms of Resistance to Pyroxsulam and ACCase Inhibitors in Japanese Foxtail (Alopecurus japonicus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Yujuan Feng ,
Yuan Gao ,
Yong Zhang ,
Liyao Dong  and
Jun Li
Yujuan Feng
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
Yuan Gao
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
Yong Zhang
Affiliation:
Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
Liyao Dong
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
Jun Li*
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: li_jun@njau.edu.cn
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Abstract

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Japanese foxtail is a predominant tetraploid grass weed in wheat and oilseed rape fields in eastern China. In China, pyroxsulam is mainly used to manage annual grass weeds, especially those resistant to acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides. Using dose–response studies, a pyroxsulam-resistant population, ACTC-1, was identified with a resistance index value of 58. Additionally, ACTC-1 was cross-resistant to sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyl-benzoates, and sulfonylaminocarbonyl-triazolinones and multiresistant to ACCase and photosystem II inhibitors. Sequence analysis revealed four gene fragments encoding acetolactate synthase (ALS) from ACTC-1, and three from JNXW-1, a pyroxsulam-sensitive population. An Asp-376-Glu substitution was found in ALS1;2 and an Ile-2041-Asn in Acc1;1, which may be responsible for its resistance to pyroxsulam and ACCase inhibitors, respectively. In vitro assays of ALS activity revealed that in ACTC-1, the sensitivity of ALS to pyroxsulam was lower, and the basal ALS activity was twofold higher than that of sensitive population JNXW-1. Additionally, the combined application of pyroxsulam with malathion or piperonyl butoxide increased the sensitivity of ACTC-1 to pyroxsulam, although it could not completely overcome the resistance. It was inferred that both target-site-based resistance and nontarget-site-based resistance may be involved in the resistance to pyroxsulam.

Keywords

Malathionpiperonyl butoxide (PBO)pyroxsulamJapanese foxtail, Alopecurus japonicas Steudbirdsrape mustard, Brassica campestris L.wheat, Triticum aestivum L.ACCaseALSnontarget-site-based resistancetarget-site-based resistance
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 4 , December 2016 , pp. 695 - 704
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Patrick J. Tranel, University of Illinois.

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