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Liberal Internationalism 3.0: America and the Dilemmas of Liberal World Order

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2009

G. John Ikenberry
G. John Ikenberry
Affiliation:
Princeton University in the Woodrow Wilson School and the Politics Department. E-mail: gji3@Princeton.EDU
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Abstract

Liberal international order—both its ideas and real-world political formations—is not embodied in a fixed set of principles or practices. Open markets, international institutions, cooperative security, democratic community, progressive change, collective problem solving, the rule of law—these are aspects of the liberal vision that have made appearances in various combinations and changing ways over the last century. I argue that it is possible to identify three versions or models of liberal international order—versions 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0. The first is associated with the ideas of Woodrow Wilson, the second is the Cold War liberal internationalism of the post-1945 decades, and the third version is a sort of post-hegemonic liberal internationalism that has only partially appeared and whose full shape and logic is still uncertain. I develop a set of dimensions that allow for identifying different logics of liberal international order and identify variables that will shape the movement from liberal internationalism 2.0 to 3.0.

Type
Research Article
Information
Perspectives on Politics , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , March 2009 , pp. 71 - 87
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 2009

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