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In vitro susceptibility of Gabonese wild isolates of Plasmodium falciparum to artemether, and comparison with chloroquine, quinine, halofantrine and amodiaquine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 1998

B. PRADINES ,
M. MABIKA MAMFOUMBI ,
D. PARZY ,
M. OWONO MEDANG ,
C. LEBEAU ,
J. R. MOUROU MBINA ,
J. C. DOURY  and
M. KOMBILA
B. PRADINES
Affiliation:
Unité de Parasitologie, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Le Pharo, BP 46, 13998 Marseille, France
M. MABIKA MAMFOUMBI
Affiliation:
Département de Parasitologie – Mycologie – Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
D. PARZY
Affiliation:
Unité de Parasitologie, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Le Pharo, BP 46, 13998 Marseille, France
M. OWONO MEDANG
Affiliation:
Département de Parasitologie – Mycologie – Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
C. LEBEAU
Affiliation:
Service Médical, 6ème Bataillon d'Infanterie de Marine, Libreville, Gabon
J. R. MOUROU MBINA
Affiliation:
Département de Parasitologie – Mycologie – Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
J. C. DOURY
Affiliation:
Unité de Parasitologie, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Le Pharo, BP 46, 13998 Marseille, France
M. KOMBILA
Affiliation:
Département de Parasitologie – Mycologie – Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
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Abstract

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The in vitro activity of artemether against 63 African isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Libreville, Gabon was evaluated using an isotopic drug susceptibility semi-microtest. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for artemether were in a narrow range from 0·8 to 34·8 nm (mean IC50 5·0 nm) and the 95% confidence interval (CI95%) was 3·6–6·3 nm. In vitro decreased susceptibility or resistance were observed with artemether (14%), to chloroquine (90%), to quinine (32%). Isolate susceptibility to amodiaquine and halofantrine was high i.e. 100% and 98%, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between responses to artemether and amodiaquine (r2=0·45, P<0·001), artemether and chloroquine (r2=0·36, P<0·001), artemether and quinine (r2=0·31, P<0·001), and artemether and halofantrine r2=0·19, P<0·01). Positive correlation between these drugs suggests in vitro cross-resistance or at least common features in drug uptake and/or mode of action or resistance.

Keywords

malariaPlasmodium falciparumartemetherchloroquine resistanceGabon
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 117 , Issue 6 , December 1998 , pp. 541 - 545
Copyright
1998 Cambridge University Press