Hostname: page-component-6bf8c574d5-rwnhh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-16T01:18:19.040Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Symmetry Breaking in the Transformation of Nanoporous Carbons Solids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

H. C. Foley ,
Mark Stevens ,
Madhav Acharya  and
Michael Kane
H. C. Foley*
Affiliation:
Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
Mark Stevens
Affiliation:
Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
Madhav Acharya
Affiliation:
Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
Michael Kane
Affiliation:
Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
*
* corresponding author
Get access

Abstract

Nanoporous carbons (NPC) or carbogenic molecular sieves (CMS) are unique materials that are able to produce shape selectivity for very precise molecular separations, such as that of oxygen from nitrogen on the basis of size. Surprisingly, the structure of NPC is globally amorphous. This seems at first irreconcilable, since regular transport behavior is expected to arise from regular porous solids such as zeolites and other crystalline molecular sieves. With this problem in mind as motivation, in this paper we describe some of the more intriguing aspects of the nanopore formation process. It is argued that at the nanoscale the NPC are both regular and structurally self similar, consisting of curved aromatic nanodomains that arise from the broken symmetry of hexagonal arrays. The symmetry breaking process is a direct result of the dissipation that takes place during pyrolysis leading to small molecules and a defect-laden carbogenic solid. In this context, some preliminary results illustrating how these NPC structures can be used to stabilize cesium for base catalysis and to prepare supported molecular sieve membranes for small molecule separations.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 454: Symposium S – Advanced Catalytic Materials–1996 , 1996 , 3
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Foley, H. C., Microporous Mater. 4, p. 408 (1995).Google Scholar
2. Foley, H. C., Kane, Michael S., and Goellner, Jesse F., in Access in Nanoporous Materials, edited by Pinnavaia, T.J. and Thorpe, M., Plenum, New York 1995, pp. 39–58.Google Scholar
3. Armor-J-N, J. N.. Extended Abstracts and Program - Biennial Conference on Carbon. Pubi, by Electrochemical Soc. Inc., Manchester, NH, (1992) p. 40.Google Scholar
4. Suzuki, M., Adsorption Technology, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1990, pp.Google Scholar
5. Juntgen, H., Knoblauch, K., Harder, K., Fuel 60, p. 817 (1981).Google Scholar
6. Knoblauch, H., Carbon 15, 273 (1977).Google Scholar
7. Ruthven, D. M., Raghavan, N.S. and Hassan, M. M., Chem. Eng. Sci. 41, p. 1325 (1986).Google Scholar
8. La Cava, A. I., Koss, V. A. and Wickens, D., Gas Sep. Purif. 3, p. 180 (1989).Google Scholar
9. Lafyatis, D. S., Tung, J. and Foley, H. C., Ind. Eng. Chem. 30, p. 865 (1991).Google Scholar
10. Mariwala, R. K., and Foley, H. C., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 33, p. 607 (1994).Google Scholar
11. Stevens, M.G. and Foley, H. C., J.C.S., Chem. Commmun. (1996) accepted.Google Scholar
12. Acharya, M., Foley, H. C., Harold, M. P. and Lerou, J.J., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., (1996) submitted.Google Scholar
13. Kane, M. S., Goellner, J. F., Foley, H. C., Di Francesco, R., Billinge, S.L. and Allard, L.F., Chem. Mats. 8, p. 2159(1996).Google Scholar
14. Mariwala, R. K. and Foley, H. C., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 33, (1994) p. 2314.Google Scholar
15. Horváth, G. and Kawazoe, K., J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 16, (1983) p. 470.Google Scholar
16. Foley, H. C., Lafyatis, D. S., Mariwala, R. K., Sonnichsenn, G.C. and Brake, L.D., Chem. Eng. Sci. 49, (1994) 4771.Google Scholar
17. Hong, A., Mariwala, R. K., Kane, M. S. and Foley, H. C., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 34, (1995) p. 992.Google Scholar
18. Bartlett, N., McQuillan, B. W., in Intercalation Chemistry, edited by Whittingham, M.S. and Jacobson, A.J., Academic Press, New York (1982) pp. 19–50.Google Scholar
19. Foster, W. E., US Pat. No. 3,160,670, (1964).Google Scholar
20. Boersma, M.A.M., in Advanced Materials in Catalysis, edited by Burton, J.J. and Garten, R.L., Academic Press, New York (1977) pp. 67 - 99.Google Scholar
21. Savoia, D., Trombini, C., Umani-Ronchi, A., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1, (1977) p. 123.Google Scholar
22. Salzanno, F. J., Aronson, S., J. Chem Phys. 6, (1966) p. 45.Google Scholar
23. Serizawa, S., Gabrielova, I., Fujimoto, T., Shido, T. and Ichikawa, M., J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., (1994) p. 799.Google Scholar