Claims — Enforcement — Enforcement of foreign judgments — Jurisdiction — New York Uniform Foreign Money-Judgments Recognition Act 2005 — Purpose of Recognition Act — Exceptions to enforceability under Recognition Act — Exceptions only engaged once a judgment-creditor has sought enforcement — Exceptions cannot be relied upon by a judgment-debtor pre-emptively to preclude enforcement — Whether Recognition Act providing for global pre-emptive injunction on enforcement — Injunctions — Injunctions to be reversed in cases of misapplication or misapprehension of relevant law — Declaratory Judgment Act — Principal considerations in granting declaratory judgments — Whether Declaratory Judgment Act creating independent causes of action — Whether Declaratory Judgment Act expanding authority of Recognition Act

Comity — International comity concerns — Refusal to recognize legal system or decisions of another State — Whether New York Uniform Foreign Money-Judgments Recognition Act 2005 enacted to establish New York courts as universal arbiters of fairness in foreign legal systems

Relationship of international law and municipal law — United States domestic law — New York Uniform Foreign Money-Judgments Recognition Act 2005 — Declaratory Judgment Act — The law of the United States