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Refined stability thresholds for localized spot patterns for the Brusselator model in $\mathbb{R}^2$

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2018

Y. CHANG ,
J. C. TZOU ,
M. J. WARD  and
J. C. WEI
Y. CHANG
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA email: yifan90@uw.edu
J. C. TZOU
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia email: tzou.justin@gmail.com
M. J. WARD
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada email: ward@math.ubc.ca, jcwei@math.ubc.ca
J. C. WEI
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada email: ward@math.ubc.ca, jcwei@math.ubc.ca
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Abstract

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In the singular perturbation limit ε → 0, we analyse the linear stability of multi-spot patterns on a bounded 2-D domain, with Neumann boundary conditions, as well as periodic patterns of spots centred at the lattice points of a Bravais lattice in $\mathbb{R}^2$, for the Brusselator reaction–diffusion model

$$ \begin{equation*} v_t = \epsilon^2 \Delta v + \epsilon^2 - v + fu v^2 \,, \qquad \tau u_t = D \Delta u + \frac{1}{\epsilon^2}\left(v - u v^2\right) \,, \end{equation*} $$
where the parameters satisfy 0 < f < 1, τ > 0 and D > 0. A previous leading-order linear stability theory characterizing the onset of spot amplitude instabilities for the parameter regime D = ${\mathcal O}$(ν−1), where ν = −1/log ϵ, based on a rigorous analysis of a non-local eigenvalue problem (NLEP), predicts that zero-eigenvalue crossings are degenerate. To unfold this degeneracy, the conventional leading-order-in-ν NLEP linear stability theory for spot amplitude instabilities is extended to one higher order in the logarithmic gauge ν. For a multi-spot pattern on a finite domain under a certain symmetry condition on the spot configuration, or for a periodic pattern of spots centred at the lattice points of a Bravais lattice in $\mathbb{R}^2$, our extended NLEP theory provides explicit and improved analytical predictions for the critical value of the inhibitor diffusivity D at which a competition instability, due to a zero-eigenvalue crossing, will occur. Finally, when D is below the competition stability threshold, a different extension of conventional NLEP theory is used to determine an explicit scaling law, with anomalous dependence on ϵ, for the Hopf bifurcation threshold value of τ that characterizes temporal oscillations in the spot amplitudes.

Keywords

Spot patternsnonlocal eigenvalue problemHopf and competition stability thresholdsBloch Green's function
Type
Papers
Information
European Journal of Applied Mathematics , Volume 30 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 791 - 828
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Footnotes

†Michael J. Ward and Juncheng Wei were supported by NSERC Discovery grants. Justin Tzou was partially supported by a PIMS CRG Postdoctoral Fellowship. Yifan Chang was supported by a graduate research stipend while at UBC.

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