Introduction
The tribe Piezocerini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) is currently composed of 19 genera and 115 species, distributed mainly in South America with a few species in North and Central America (including the Caribbean) (Monné Reference Monné2019; Tavakilian and Chevillotte Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019). This tribe is well defined and homogenous and is characterised by having the basal antennomeres bicarinate, with the carinae distinct and evident (Martins Reference Martins and Martins2003).
Martins (Reference Martins1976) divided Piezocerini into two subtribes: Piezocerina and Haruspicina. Currently, there are four genera of Piezocerina in Colombia (Gorybia Pascoe, 1866; Hemilissa Pascoe, 1858, Piezasteria Martins, Reference Martins1976, and Piezocera Audinet-Serville, 1834) with a total of six species (Botero Reference Botero, Deloya and Gasca2018); and six genera in Bolivia (Gorybia; Hemilissa; Pharcidodes Martins, Reference Martins1976; Piezarina Martins, Reference Martins1976; Piezasteria; Piezocera; and Thyellocerus Martins, Reference Martins1976) with a total of 29 species (Monné Reference Monné2019; Tavakilian and Chevillotte Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019).
The genus Alienosternus Martins, 1976 was proposed when Piezocerini was divided into subtribes to bring together the species with well-developed upper eye lobes, densely punctate elytra, open procoxal cavities, elongate metatarsomere V, and females with apical antennomeres decreasing in length (Martins Reference Martins1976). Alienosternus is currently composed of four species with their geographical distribution restricted to South America (Brazil and Argentina) (Tavakilian and Chevillotte Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019).
The genus Hemilissa was described for Acanthoptera gummosa Perty, 1832. This genus is similar to Gorybia, but differs by the wider basal flagellomeres, expanded to the external margin, cylindrical prothorax, and protibiae flattened (Martins Reference Martins and Martins2003). Currently, Hemilissa contains 11 species from Central and South America, with three of them known to occur in Colombia: Hemilissa cornuta Bates, 1870; H. opaca Martins, 1976; and H. sulcicollis Bates, 1870 (Botero Reference Botero, Deloya and Gasca2018; Tavakilian and Chevillotte Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019).
Migorybia Martins, 1985 is a monotypic genus, characterised by having open anterior coxal cavities, antennae of males as long as the body, antennomere III linear, pronotum without tubercles, sternal processes as long as the respective coxa, and elytral apex with an external spine (Martins Reference Martins and Martins2003). This genus is currently only recorded from Venezuela (Tavakilian and Chevillotte Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019).
In this work, two species of Alienosternus, three species of Hemilissa, and one species of Migorybia are described and illustrated. Additionally, the geographical distribution for three Piezocerini species is expanded. The key to Alienosternus by Martins (Reference Martins and Martins2003), and to Hemilissa by Galileo et al. (Reference Galileo, Bezark and Santos-Silva2016) are translated and modified to include the new species.
Material and methods
Most of the specimens were collected in Colombia, from February to June 2018, in fragments of tropical dry forest in the departments Atlántico (Reserva Campesina la Montaña) and Bolívar (Reserva La Flecha). This sampling was supplemented by other material located in entomological collections from the following institutions (with the curator/collection manager in brackets).
ACMT – American Coleoptera Museum (James Wappes personal collection), San Antonio, Texas, United States of America.
CTNI – Colección Taxonómica Nacional de insectos “Luis María Murillo,” Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, Mosquera, Colombia (Erika Valentina Vergara-Navarro).
FSCA – Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America (Paul E. Skelley).
IAVH – Instituto de Investigaciones de Recursos Biológicos “Alexander von Humboldt,” Villa de Leyva, Colombia (Jhon Cesar Neita).
MPUJ – Museo Javeriano de Historia Natural “Lorenzo Uribe, S.J.,” Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia (Igor Dimitri Forero, Giovanny Fagua).
MZSP – Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Sônia Casari).
UARC – Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia, Colombia (Neis José Martínez).
UNAB – Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia (Francisco Serna, ErikaValentina Vergara-Navarro).
All newly collected specimens were deposited in the Museo Javeriano de Historia Natural “Lorenzo Uribe, S.J.” collection and in Florida State Collection of Arthropods (holotypes) and in the Universidad del Atlántico and Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo collections (paratypes). For more details, see “Type material” in each species treatment. The specimens were identified by the authors, following Martins (Reference Martins and Martins2003) key to Piezocerini species, by consulting the original descriptions and by comparison with the specimens of the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo Cerambycidae collection.
Photographs were taken in the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo with a Canon (Tokyo, Japan) EOS Rebel T3i DSLR camera, Canon MP-E 65 mm f/2.8 1–5X macro lens, controlled by an image stacking software. Measurements were taken in mm using a measuring ocular Hensoldt (Wetzlar, Germany) Mess 10 in the Leica (Wetzlar, Germany) MZ6 stereomicroscope, also used in the study of the specimens. The terminology used herein for morphological structures follows Lawrence et al. (Reference Lawrence, Beutel, Leschen, Slipinski, Leschen and Beutel2010). The references and geographical distribution were based on the Monné (Reference Monné2019) and Tavakilian and Chevillotte (Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019) catalogues.
Alienosternus sanjacintero García, Botero, and Martínez, new species
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C37E5B5-B22A-4D7A-B43A-F59E092AC943.
Figures 1–4.
Figs. 1–8. 1–4, Alienosternus sanjacintero new species, holotype, female: 1, dorsal view; 2, ventral view; 3, lateral view; 4, details of head, frontal view. 5–8, Alienosternus wappesi new species, holotype, female: 5, details of head, frontal view; 6, dorsal view; 7, ventral view; 8, lateral view.
Type material
Holotype female. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 09°51′12.4″'N, 75°10′41.4″W), 15–16.iv.2018, K. García, “Trampa de luz blanca,” MPUJ_ENT 0064075 (MPUJ). Paratype. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 09°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), one female; 15–16.iv.2018, K. García, “Trampa de luz blanca” (UARC).
Diagnosis
The species is distinguished from other species in the genus by having light brown integument; lateral carina on elytra, from humerus to posterior fifth; elytral apex emarginate, with spine on outer angle, and rounded on sutural angle.
Description
Female. Integument mostly light brown. Head dorsally, pronotum, scape, pedicel and basal antennomeres darker, ventrites lighter.
Head. Dorsally entirely reticulate; with short, sparse setae. Frons with moderately long, sparse setae. Central area between antennal tubercles with longitudinal sulcus between antennal tubercle and median groove. Antennal tubercles projected, rounded at apex. Median groove distinct from near clypeus to posterior level of antennal tubercles. Gulamentum smooth. Mandibles with long, sparse setae on outer surface. Distance between upper eye lobes three times width of an upper eye lobe. Antennae ending at apical fourth of elytra. Scape coarsely reticulate; with moderately long, sparse setae. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.77; pedicel = 0.15; IV = 0.96; V = 0.96; VI = 0.77; VII = 0.77; VIII = 0.58; IX = 0.58; X = 0.46; XI = 0.69.
Thorax. Prothorax subquadrate; basal quarter deeply constricted; sides rounded. Pronotum coarsely alveolate; with long, thick, sparse setae throughout, with short, sparse setae interspersed; posterior region depressed. Sides of prothorax with sculpture and setae as on pronotum. Prosternum microsculptured; with long, sparse setae, with minute setae interspersed. Prosternal process with sides subparallel, slightly narrowed at middle, slightly expanded at apex, posterior margin emarginate, transversely sulcate and flat at apex; width at narrowest point about 1/4 of procoxal cavity width. Mesoventrite tumid, microsculptured, with moderately long, sparse setae, especially centrally. Mesoventral process, at narrowest point, about half of mesocoxal cavity width, sides convergent towards apex, deeply emarginate at apex. Metenepisternum with short, abundant setae. Metaventrite glabrous and smooth centrally, anterior half densely microsculptured laterally, with long, sparse setae (more so laterally) in anterior half and along posterior margin. Scutellum glabrous, posterior margin widely rounded. Elytra coarsely, deeply, abundantly punctate on basal half, gradually finely and shallowly punctate towards apex; with long, sparse setae throughout; with lateral carina, from humerus to posterior fifth; apex emarginate, with outer angle spiniform, rounded at sutural angle. Legs with long sparse setae; femoral peduncle longitudinally sulcate ventrally and dorsally. Tibiae distinctly carinate.
Abdomen. Ventrites slightly microsculptured, with sparse, long, and short setae; ventrite I slightly shorter than II–III together; apex of ventrite V subtruncate.
Measurements. Holotype, female, total length: 7.4 mm, prothorax length: 1.5 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.5 mm, elytral length: 5.2 mm, humeral width: 1.7 mm. Paratype, female, total length: 7.4 mm, prothorax length: 1.5 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.5 mm, elytral length: 5.1 mm, humeral width: 1.8 mm.
Etymology
The epithet, sanjacintero, is a demonym alluding to the inhabitants of the municipality of San Jacinto, in Colombia, the locality where the specimen was collected. The name should be treated as a noun in apposition.
Remarks
Alienosternus sanjacintero differs from A. metallicus Martins, 1976 by its general light brown colour (head and prothorax reddish orange, elytra green, and antennae and legs brown in A. metallicus). It differs from A. solitarius (Gounelle, 1909) by the elytra with lateral carina, from humerus to posterior fifth, and elytral apex emarginate, with outer angle spinose and sutural angle rounded (the elytra lack lateral carina and the elytral apex is unarmed and truncate in A. solitarius). The new species differs from A. simplex Martins, 1976 by the prosternal process not laminiform (width at narrowest point about 1/4 of procoxal cavity width), and elytral apex emarginate and with outer angle spinose (the prosternal process is laminiform and the elytral apex is truncate and unarmed in A. simplex). Finally, Alienosternus sanjacintero differs from A. cristatus (Zajciw, 1970) by the elytral carina distinct from humerus to posterior fifth; the mesoventral process, at narrowest point, about half of mesocoxal cavity width; and the elytral apex with outer angle armed (the lateral elytral carina is shorter, from humerus to anterior third; mesoventral process is wider than mesocoxal cavity width; and the elytral apex is unarmed in A. cristatus). According to Tavakilian and Chevillotte (Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019), Alienosternus is known from Brazil and Argentina; therefore, we first record this genus in Colombia.
Alienosternus wappesi García, Botero, and Martínez, new species
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B6ACC9CD-4CD8-4843-89D1-70E5A1B46C0C.
Figures 5–8.
Type material
Holotype female. BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz: Reserva Natural Potrerillo del Guenda, (Snake Farm, 400 m, 17°40′15″S, 63°27′26″W), 2–3.x.2013, Wappes and Skillman (FSCA).
Diagnosis
This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the pronotum scabrous and microsculptured, with indistinct alveolus; surface of prosternum microsculptured and subrugose; prosternal process microsculptured, about half procoxal cavity width; elytral apex unarmed.
Description
Female. Integument dorsally dark brown. Head, basal antennomeres, pronotum, base and apex of femora, and tibiae darker; ventrites lighter.
Head. Dorsally entirely reticulate, microsculptured, and glabrous. Frons reticulate, microsculptured and with short, sparse setae, lacking median groove. Antennal tubercles weakly elevated, apex rounded. Anterior area of the gulamentum depressed, finely, transversely striate. Mandibles with long, sparse setae on base of outer surface. Distance between upper eye lobes six times width of one upper eye lobe. Antennae reaching elytral apex at antennomere XI. Antennomeres III–IV filiform, antennomeres V–X serrate, more so towards apical antennomeres, antennomere XI subglobose. Scape subalveolate, scabrous; with sparse setae on outer side. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.71; pedicel = 0.21; IV = 1.00; V = 1.00; VI = 0.88; VII = 0.71; VIII = 0.58; IX = 0.54; X = 0.54; XI = 0.67.
Thorax. Prothorax subquadrate; sides rounded, posterior quarter distinctly constricted. Pronotum coarsely scabrous, with moderately long, erect, gold setae. Sides of prothorax with sculpture and setae as on pronotum. Prosternum microsculptured, subrugose, with moderately long, sparse setae. Prosternal process narrowed at middle and expanded laterally at apex; width at narrowest point about half of procoxal cavity width. Mesoventrite scabrous, with short, sparse setae. Mesoventral process wider than mesocoxal cavity width. Metanepisternum glabrous. Scutellum glabrous, with posterior margin rounded. Elytra coarsely, deeply, abundantly punctate in basal half, sparser and finer in posterior fourth; with moderately long, sparse setae throughout; apex unarmed, truncate. Legs with sparse, long setae, denser on apical half of ventral surface of tibiae. Femoral peduncle longitudinally sulcate ventrally and dorsally. Tibiae distinctly carinate.
Abdomen. Ventrites microsculptured laterally; with fine, shallow, sparse punctures, and short setae interspersed with long setae; ventrite I about as long as ventrites II–III together; apex of ventrite V rounded.
Measurements. Holotype, female, total length: 7.4 mm, prothorax length: 1.7 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.7 mm, elytral length: 5.2 mm, humeral width: 2.1 mm.
Etymology
Named for James Wappes (ACMT), one of the collectors of the holotype who kindly provided the specimen for study.
Remarks
Alienosternus wappesi is similar to A. solitarius by the surface of pronotum scabrous, not forming alveolus; the other species of the genus have the surface of pronotum clearly alveolate. The new species differs from A. solitarius by the surface of prosternum and prosternal process microsculptured, subrugose, and the prosternal process wider (width at narrowest point about half of procoxal cavity width). In A. solitarius, the surface of prosternum is only microsculptured laterally, prosternal process is smooth and narrower (width at narrowest point about 1/4 of procoxal cavity width). According to Tavakilian and Chevillotte (Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019), Alienosternus is from Brazil and Argentina; therefore, we first record this genus in Bolivia.
Key to Alienosternus adults
According to the most recent key to Alienosternus species (Martins Reference Martins and Martins2003), the new species can be inserted as follows (translated and modified).
Hemilissa bifasciata García, Botero, and Martínez, new species
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:254A9C1E-02F0-45A9-9B2F-1E7E7AFB1EAF.
Figures 9–13.
Figs. 9–17. 9–13, Hemilissa bifasciata new species, female: 9, dorsal view, holotype; 10, ventral view, holotype; 11, lateral view, holotype; 12, dorsal view, paratype; 13, details of head, frontal view, holotype. 14–17, Hemilissa erikae new species, holotype, female: 14, detail of head, frontal view; 15, dorsal view; 16, ventral view; 17, lateral view.
Type material
Holotype female. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 09°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), 14–16.iv.2018, K. García, “captura manual,” MPUJ_ENT 0064076 (MPUJ). Paratypes. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 09°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), 15.IV.2018, K. García, “perturbación de follaje,” one female (UARC); one male, San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 09°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), 15.iv.2018, K. García “captura manual,” one male (MZSP).
Diagnosis
This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by lacking distinct pronotal tubercles; central area of the pronotum with contrasting sculpture and longitudinal depression; prothorax parallel-sided; elytra shiny, bicolorous, with longitudinal yellowish-red band on each elytron.
Description
Female. Integument mostly reddish brown; pronotum with dark brown areas; femoral club slightly darker; elytra dark brown with longitudinal yellowish-red band.
Head. Frons coarsely, densely, shallowly punctate; with short, sparse, gold setae. Vertex coarsely, abundantly punctate; glabrous. Antennal tubercles slightly elevated, rounded at apex. Median groove distinct from near midlength of frons to posterior level of antennal tubercles. Gulamentum finely, transversely striate. Mandibles with long, sparse setae on outer surface. Distance between upper eye lobes 3.4 times width of one upper eye lobe. Antennae reaching elytral apex at antennomere XI. Scape coarsely, densely, shallowly punctate throughout; with medium to long, sparse yellow setae. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III (only the holotype measured): scape = 0.67; pedicel = 0.16; IV = 0.97; V = 0.95; VI = 0.81; VII = 0.76; VIII = 0.65; IX = 0.62; X = 0.54; XI = 0.76.
Thorax. Prothorax slightly longitudinal, about 1.2 times longer than largest width; anteriorly slightly constricted ahead margin; posteriorly distinctly constricted. Pronotum coarsely alveolate, except for anterior and posterior margin and longitudinal median sulcus; with long, sparse yellow setae except on median sulcus. Anterior half of prosternum finely transversely striate, with sparse fine punctures and sparse, short setae. Posterior half of prosternum coarsely, densely, confluently punctate; with sparse, short setae. Prosternal process elevated, flat, and expanded laterally at apex, width at narrowest point equal to 1/4 of procoxal cavity width. Mesoventrite depressed around internal margin of coxal cavities; coarsely, densely, shallowly, confluently punctate, smoother laterally, glabrous. Mesoventral process slightly narrower than mesocoxal cavities, emarginate at apex. Metanepisternum with abundant, short setae. Metaventrite with sparse short setae laterally on anterior half, except for glabrous central area; coarsely, shallowly punctate near mesocoxal cavities, with sparse, fine punctures on remaining surface, except for smooth central area. Scutellum truncate at apex. Elytra coarsely, deeply, abundantly punctate on basal half, gradually more finely punctate towards apex; with sparse, long setae throughout; apex with two long spines, innermost slightly shorter than outermost which is at least three times longer than pedicel. Legs with femoral peduncle longitudinally sulcate. Tibiae distinctly carinate.
Abdomen. Ventrites with long and short setae; ventrite I, without central projection, about as long as ventrites II–III together; apex of ventrite V broadly rounded.
Measurements. Holotype, female, total length: 8.2 mm, prothorax length: 1.7 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.4 mm, elytral length: 5.7 mm, humeral width: 1.9 mm. Paratypes, male/female, total length: 7.0/7.6 mm, prothorax length: 1.5/1.5 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.2/1.3 mm, elytral length: 4.7/5.4 mm, humeral width: 1.6/1.7 mm.
Variation
The longitudinal yellowish-red bands may vary in width, occupying almost all surface of elytra (Fig. 12) or reduced to narrow band (Fig. 9).
Etymology
Latin, “fascia” = band, and “bi” = two; “bifasciata,” referring to the two longitudinal yellowish-red elytral fascia. This name is an adjective in the nominative singular.
Remarks
Hemilissa bifasciata is similar to H. sulcicollis Bates, 1870, H. undulaticollis Zajciw, 1960, and Hemilissa erikae new species by the pronotum without tubercles; the visible, longitudinal, glabrous sulcus; and shiny elytra. It differs from them by the bicolorous elytra, with longitudinal, yellowish-red band; and by the bispinose elytral apex, with both spines long, the external spine at least three times longer than pedicel. In H. sulcicollis, H. undulaticollis, and H. erikae the elytra are unicolorous, and elytral apex has a long outer spine with a small toothed inner projection (H. sulcicollis, H. undulaticollis) or both spines equal in size but shorter than 1.5 times the length of the pedicel (H. erikae). Hemilissa bifasciata differs from H. undulaticollis by the elytra microsculptured in anterior half (in H. undulaticollis the elytra are entirely not microsculptured). The new species also differs from H. catapotia Martins, 1976 by the pronotum with distinct glabrous, longitudinal sulcus, and bicolorous elytra with the apices bispinose. In H. catapotia, the pronotum lacks a longitudinal sulcus, elytra are unicolorous, and elytral apex is unispinose, with an outer spine and a small projection at sutural angle.
Hemilissa erikae García, Botero, and Martínez, new species
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:825C45DA-A70F-472C-B3FC-6EE5BE568811.
Figures 14–17.
Type material
Holotype female. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 09°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), 15–16.iv.2018, K. García, “trampa de luz UV,” MPUJ_ENT 0064077 (MPUJ). Paratypes. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 09°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), one male, 27.iv.2017, I. Mendoza, “trampa de luz” (UARC). Cesar: Codazzi (Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, 10°43′38.6″N 74°13′27.5″W), one male, five females, 18.iv.1978, J. Jenkins, “atraídos por luz” (one male, three females in ICTN and two females in MZSP). Cundinamarca: Utica (Vereda El Curapo, Hacienda Versalles, 499 m, 5°11′47″N 74°29′36″W), 2.v.2010, P. Garcia, one female (UNAB).
Diagnosis
This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the pronotum without tubercles; centre of pronotum sculptured, with longitudinal depression; elytra shiny, unicolorous; apex of elytra bispinose, with short spines.
Description
Female. Integument dark reddish brown; antennae and legs slightly lighter.
Head. Frons coarsely, densely, shallowly punctate; with short, sparse, gold setae, and longer setae along frontoclypeal suture. Vertex coarsely, abundantly punctate, with short, sparse, gold setae. Antennal tubercles slightly elevated, rounded at apex. Median groove distinct from near midlength of frons to posterior level of antennal tubercles. Gulamentum microsculptured, with long and short, gold setae. Mandibles with long, sparse setae on outer surface. Distance between upper eye lobes 4.6 times width of one upper eye lobe. Antennae not reaching elytral apex. Scape coarsely, densely, shallowly punctate throughout; with short and long, sparse, yellow setae. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III (only the holotype measured): scape = 0.68; pedicel = 0.18; IV = 0.95; V = 0.88; VI = 0.78; VII = 0.75; VIII = 0.60; IX = 0.63; X = 0.53; XI = 0.70.
Thorax. Prothorax distinctly longer than wide; distinctly constricted at posterior one-fifth. Pronotum coarsely alveolate, except anterior and posterior margin and longitudinal median sulcus in posterior half; with both short and slightly longer, sparse, yellow setae except on median sulcus. Anterior half of prosternum microsculptured and finely transversely striate; with short, sparse setae. Posterior half of prosternum coarsely, densely, confluently punctate; with short, sparse setae. Prosternal process narrowed at midlength, expanded laterally at apex, width at narrowest point equal to 1/3 of procoxal cavity width. Mesoventrite coarsely, densely, shallowly, confluently punctate laterally, sparser centrally; with short, gold setae. Mesoventral process with sides parallel, slightly narrower than mesocoxal cavities, deeply emarginate at apex. Metepisterna with dense short setae. Metaventrite with short, sparse setae laterally on anterior half, and with sparse long setae centrally; coarsely, shallowly punctate near mesocoxal cavities, with sparse fine punctures on remaining surface, except for smooth central area. Scutellum rounded at apex. Elytra coarsely, deeply, moderately punctate on basal half, gradually more finely punctate towards apex; with sparse, long setae arranged in five longitudinal rows; apex emarginate, with two spines, subequal in length, slightly longer than pedicel. Legs with femoral peduncle longitudinally sulcate. Tibiae distinctly carinate.
Abdomen. Ventrites microsculptured, mainly in anterior region, with short setae interspersed with sparse long setae; ventrite I about as long as ventrites II–III together; apex of ventrite V subrounded.
Measurements. Holotype, female, total length: 9.9 mm, prothorax length: 2.0 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.7 mm, elytral length: 6.8 mm, humeral width: 2.4 mm. Paratypes, male (n = 2)/female (n = 6): total length: 8.4–9.8/10.06 ± 1.10 mm, prothorax length: 1.8–2.1/2.08 ± 0.20 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.7–1.9/1.92 ± 0.23 mm, elytral length: 5.7–6.6/7.05 ± 0.73 mm, humeral width: 2.0–2.5/2.53 ± 0.25 mm.
Males. Ventrite V is more transverse and the apex is truncate (versus subrounded in female).
Etymology
The specific name is in honour of Erika Valentina Vergara-Navarro (CTNI) for her kindness and help in providing access to CTNI and UNAB specimens needed for this and many other studies.
Remarks
Hemilissa erikae differs from other species of the genus by the following set of characters: pronotum without tubercles, disc with a longitudinal sulcus; elytra microsculptured on anterior half, remainder shiny; punctures on base of elytra not tuberculiform; elytral apices bispinose, with spines equal in size, and shorter than pedicel. See remarks in H. bifasciata.
Hemilissa claudiae García, Botero, and Martínez, new species
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:09AFDEE0-0EA0-4F7D-9C68-8197A655C0F8.
Figures 18–22
Figs. 18–25. 18–22, Hemilissa claudiae new species, holotype, male: 18, dorsal view; 19, ventral view; 20, lateral view; 21, details of head and pronotum, dorsal view; 22, details of head, frontal view. 23–25, Hemilissa emblema Martins, 1976, holotype, male: 23, dorsal view; 24, ventral view; 25, lateral view.
Type material
Holotype male. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: Santuario de Fauna y Flora Los Colorados (Villa Roca, 180 m, 9°54'N 75°9'W, 180 m), 22.iv–7.v.2001, E. Deulufeut, “Malaise,” IAvH-E-209972 (IAVH).
Diagnosis
This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the pronotal tubercles; prothorax rounded, anteriorly and basally constricted; elytra light brown, coarsely punctate, sutural margin with toothed projection; femora slightly clavate.
Description
Male. Integument mostly brown; pronotum and head with dark brown areas; elytra and legs lighter brown.
Head. Frons and vertex coarsely, densely alveolate. Antennal tubercles distinctly elevated, acute at apex. Mandibles with long, sparse, golden setae on outer surface. Distance between upper eye lobes three times width of one upper eye lobe. Antennae reaching elytral apex at base of antennomere XI. Scape coarsely, densely, shallowly alveolate throughout; with long, sparse, golden setae. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.97; pedicel = 0.23; IV = 1; V = 1; VI = 1; VII = 0.9; VIII = 0.74; IX = 0.77; X = 0.73; XI = 1.1.
Thorax. Prothorax about 1.2 times longer than largest width; anteriorly slightly constricted before margin; posteriorly distinctly constricted at posterior fifth. Pronotum coarsely alveolate, with median longitudinal sulcus, wider anteriorly; with long, randomly oriented, sparse, pale yellow setae at sides; with two small, barely evident, rounded tubercles on anterior half; and two prominent gibbosities in posterior half. Anterior half of prosternum with sparse punctures. Prosternal process flattened and expanded laterally at apex, width at narrowest point half of procoxal cavity width. Mesoventrite microsculptured, with coarse punctation laterally. Mesoventral process microsculptured, narrower than mesocoxal cavities, apex emarginate. Metanepisternum with sparse long setae. Metaventrite microsculptured; densely pubescent laterally; coarsely, shallowly punctate near mesocoxal cavities, with sparse fine punctures on remaining surface, except for smooth central area. Scutellum rounded at apex. Elytra coarsely, deeply, abundantly punctate; with five longitudinal rows of long setae on each elytron; apices emarginate with small, acute spine on outer margin and slightly dentate projection on sutural margin. Legs with tibiae distinctly carinate and flattened.
Abdomen. Ventrites with long and short setae; ventrite I about as long as ventrites II–III together; apex of ventrite V transverse and subrounded.
Measurements. Holotype, male, total length: 6.1 mm, prothorax length: 1.4 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.2 mm, elytral length: 4.1 mm, humeral width: 1.5 mm.
Etymology
The specific name is in honour of Claudia Martínez in recognition of her contributions to the knowledge of Colombian Cerambycidae and for her kind assistance to the second author when he first started his research on Cerambycidea.
Remarks
Hemilissa claudiae belongs to the group of species of the genera characterised by the tuberculate pronotum. These species are H. fabulosa Martins, 1985, H. gummosa, and H. emblema Martins, 1976. Hemilissa claudiae differs from H. fabulosa by the unicolorous elytra (in H. fabulosa the elytra have dark and white areas). The new species differs from H. gummosa by the prothorax rounded at sides, with anterior and basal constrictions, and the elytra without microsculpturing (in H. gummosa, the prothorax is subcylindrical, wider anteriorly, and the anterior half of the elytra is microsculptured). Hemilissa claudiae differs from H. emblema (Figs. 23–25) by the lighter integument, smaller size (total length = 6.1 mm), elytra without microsculpture, and femora slightly clavate. In H. emblema, the integument is dark brown, the size is larger (total length = 10.3 mm – holotype measured), and the femora are strongly clavate.
Migorybia santossilvai García, Botero, and Martínez, new species
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0171DA65-5AED-41EC-BDFE-9ADCB8F5FD7C.
Figures 26–30.
Figs. 26–30. Migorybia santossilvai new species. 26, holotype female, dorsal view, 27, holotype female, ventral view; 28, holotype female, lateral view; 29, holotype female, details of head, frontal view; 30, paratype male, dorsal view.
Type material
Holotype female. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 9°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), 15–16.iv.2018, K. García, “trampa de luz UV,” MPUJ_ENT 0061406 (MPUJ). Paratype. COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 9°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), one male, 15–16.iv.2018, K. García, “trampa de luz blanca” (UARC).
Diagnosis
This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the dark integument, central area of pronotum without depression, pronotum without distinct gibbosities.
Description
Female. Integument reddish brown; antennae and ventrites slightly lighter.
Head. Frons coarsely, shallowly, confluently punctate; with sparse, short setae. Central area between antennal tubercles shallowly, confluently punctate; with longitudinal, well-marked carina on each side, between antennal tubercle and median groove, with uniformly dense, long setae. Remaining surface of vertex coarsely, confluently punctate. Antennal tubercle with apex projected. Gulamentum finely, transversely striate, more distinctly towards mentum. Mandibles with long, sparse pale yellow setae on outer surface. Distance between upper eye lobes 3.4 times width of one upper eye lobe. Antennae reaching elytral apex at antennomere XI. Scape coarsely, densely, confluently punctate; with long, uniformly spaced setae. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III (only the holotype measured): scape = 0.61; pedicel = 0.16; IV = 0.92; V = 0.87; VI = 0.74; VII = 0.74; VIII = 0.55; IX = 0.61; X = 0.50; XI = 0.71.
Thorax. Prothorax about 1.1 times longer than maximum width, sides gradually, uniformly rounded; posterior margin slightly constricted. Pronotum coarsely punctate; posterior area strongly semicircularly depressed; with sparse, long setae throughout, Prosternum densely, confluently punctate; with sparse, long, pale yellow setae. Prosternal process narrowed at middle and expanded at apex, width at narrowest point equal to 1/4 of procoxal cavity width. Mesoventrite tumid, slightly depressed anteriorly, surface rugose. Mesoventral process about 1/2 of mesocoxal cavities width, deeply emarginate at apex. Metanepisternum with short, abundant, uniformly spaced white setae. Metaventrite microsculptured anteriorly and laterally, smoother towards central and posterior region; with long, pale yellow setae laterally. Scutellum glabrous, rounded at apex. Elytra coarsely, deeply, abundantly punctate on basal half, gradually finer and sparser towards apex; with sparse, long setae arranged in five longitudinal rows; apex obliquely truncate, with spine at outer angle. Legs with long, rather uniformly spaced setae; tibiae distinctly carinate.
Abdomen. Ventrites microsculptured on anterior margin, with long setae; apex of ventrite V truncate.
Measurements. Holotype, female, total length: 7.6 mm, prothorax length: 1.8 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.6 mm, elytral length: 5.2 mm, humeral width: 1.8 mm. Paratype, male, total length: 8.2 mm, prothorax length: 1.7 mm, prothorax width at widest point: 1.6 mm, elytral length: 5.5 mm, humeral width: 1.9 mm.
Males. Antennae longer than females, reaching elytral apex at antennomere X. Elytral apex slightly emarginate in males, with inner apex slightly projected.
Etymology
The specific name is in honour of our friend and colleague Antonio Santos-Silva, in recognition of his countless contributions to Cerambycidae and for his friendship and willing assistance to others.
Remarks
Migorybia santossilvai differs from M. miranda Martins, 1985 by the darker, reddish-brown integument (more red in M. miranda), pronotum without deep longitudinal central depression at posterior half (in M. miranda, with longitudinal central depression at posterior half), and without evident gibbosities (with two evident gibbosities at posterior half in M. miranda). Additionally, according to Tavakilian and Chevillotte (Reference Tavakilian and Chevillotte2019) Migorybia is restricted to Venezuela, so we here record this genus in Colombia for the first time.
New geographical records
Hemilissa opaca Martins, 1976. Geographical distribution: Colombia (Putumayo, Vaupés), Guyana, French Guiana, Venezuela, Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas, Pará, Maranhão). The department record from Vaupés (Colombia) is new.
Material examined: COLOMBIA, Vaupés: Caparú (Estación Biológica Mosira-Itajura, 1°4′S, 69°31′W, 60 m, Igapo), 28.iv–5.v.2004, Malaise, J. Pinzón, IAvH-E-209940 (IAVH).
Hemilissa sulcicollis Bates, 1870. Geographical distribution : Costa Rica, Colombia (Amazonas, Putumayo), Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo), Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz). The department record from Amazonas (Colombia) is new.
Material examined: COLOMBIA, Amazonas: Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu (Cabaña Lorena, 3°0′S, 69°59′W, 210 m), 1–15.ix.2001, Malaise, D. Deaza, IAvH-E-209973 (IAVH).
Haruspex inscriptus Gahan, 1895. Geographical distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca), Honduras, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Colombia (Bolívar, Cundinamarca), Venezuela, Barbados, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (Grenada, Bequia), Trinidad and Tobago. The department record from Bolívar (Colombia) is new.
Material examined: COLOMBIA, Bolívar: San Jacinto (Reserva La Flecha, 324 m, 9°51′12.4″N, 75°10′41.4″W), 12–14.vi.2018, K. García, “trampa de luz UV” (UARC).
Acknowledgements
We are deeply thankful to Antonio Santos-Silva (MZSP) for his help in identifying examined taxa; to James Wappes (ACMT) for reviewing the English text and providing helpful comments on the manuscript; to Sônia Casari for her kindness and help in the MZSP during the visit of the first author; to the members of Neoptera for their help in the field, especially to Jeniffer Meriño and José Sarmiento (UARC) for their help collecting specimens used in this study; and to all the curators of the collections visited. J.P.B. thanks “Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo” (FAPESP) for a postdoctoral fellowship (process number 2017/17898-0).
