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D.C. Circuit Rules Statute Authorizing “Israel” as Place of Birth on Passports of Citizens Born in Jerusalem Is Unconstitutional

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

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Abstract

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Type
Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 107 , Issue 4 , October 2013 , pp. 907 - 909
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2013

References

1 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003, Pub. L. No. 107-228, 116 Stat. 1350 (2002).

2 Section 214(d) provides:”Record of Place of Birth As Israel for Passport Purposes.— For purposes of the registration of birth, certification of nationality, or issuance of a passport of a United States citizen born in the city of Jerusalem, the Secretary shall, upon the request of the citizen or the citizen’s legal guardian, record the place of birth as Israel.”

3 Zivotofsky v. Sec’y of State, 725 F.3d 197, 200 (D.C. Cir. 2013).

4 Statement on Signing the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003, 38 Weekly Comp. Pres. Doc. 1658–60 (Sept. 30, 2002), available at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/WCPD-2002-10-07/pdf/WCPD-2002-10-07-Pg1658-2.pdf.

5 Zivotofsky v. Sec’y of State, 571 F.3d 1227 (D.C. Cir. 2009).

6 Zivotofsky v. Clinton, 132 S.Ct. 1421 (2012); see Crook, John R., Contemporary Practice of the United States, 105 AJIL 775, 814 (2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; 106 AJIL 643, 644 (2012).

7 Zivotofsky, 725 F.3d at 197.

8 Circuit Judges Karen LeCraft Henderson, Judith W. Rogers, and David S. Tatel comprised the panel.

9 See Ann E. Marimow, Congress Overstepped, Court Rules, Wash. Post, July 24, 2013, at A3.

10 Zivotofsky, 725 F.3d at 205.

11 Id. at 206.

12 Id. at 207–10.

13 Id. at 211–14.

14 Id. (discussing, inter alia, Williams v. Suffolk Ins. Co., 38 U.S. 415, 420 (1839), United States v. Belmont, 301 U.S. 324, 330 (1937), Guaranty Trust Co. v. United States, 304 U.S. 126, 138 (1938), United States v. Pink, 315 U.S. 203, 229 (1942), Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186, 213 (1962), and Banco Nacional de Cuba v. Sabbatino, 376 U.S. 398, 410 (1964)).

15 Zivotofsky, 725 F.3d at 214.

16 Id. at 216.

17 Id. at 217.

18 Id.

19 Id. at 218 –19.

20 Id. at 219.

21 Id. at 219 –20.

22 Id. at 225 (Tatel, J., concurring).